Separating techniques: Elements compounds and mixtures: Chemistry: (9:1)

Filtration

Separates insoluble solids from liquids.

Crystallisation

The formation of crystals by cooling a saturated solution

Simple distillation

Used to separate a liquid from a solution

Fractional distillation

separation of a liquid mixture into fractions with different boiling points using a fractionating column.

Solution

A mixture that forms when one substance dissolves another.

Solvent

A substance which is capable of dissolving other substances

Solute

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Insoluble

incapable of being dissolved in a given solvent

Soluble

capable of being dissolved in a given solvent

Saturated

A solution that cannot dissolve any more solute at a given temperature

Chromatography

Separates the components of a mixture based on their solubility.

Filtrate

Liquid that has passed through a filter

Residue

Insoluble solid which remains in the filter paper

Reason simple distillation works

Separates substances with different boiling points

Condenser

Gases pass through the tube, are cooled by the cold water and condense

First step of simple distillation

Heat the mixture so the solvent evaporates