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The sentiment of fear and opposition to open immigration was called
[A] nativism.
[B] rugged individualism.
[C] Unitarianism.
[D] the cult of domesticity.
[E] patriotism.
A: Nativism
The American phase of the industrial revolution first blossomed
[A] on southern plantations.
[B] in rapidly growing Chicago.
[C] in coal-mining regions.
[D] with textile mills.
[E] with shipbuilding.
D: With textile mills
The early factory system distributed its benefits
[A] to overseas investors.
[B] mostly to the owners.
[C] primarily in the South.
[D] evenly to all.
[E] to workers represented by unions.
B: Mostly to owners
10. Match each individual below with the correct invention.
___ A. Samuel F. B. Morse
___ B. Cyrus McCormick
___ C. Cyrus Field
___ D. Robert Fulton
1. telegraph
2. mower-reaper
3. steamboat
Morse: telegram
McCormick: Mower-reaper
Fulton: steamboat
The “cult of domesticity”
[A] gave women more opportunity to seek employment outside the home.
[B] restricted women’s moral influence on the family.
[C] glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers.
[D] resulted in more pregnancies for women.
[E] was especially strong among rural women.
C: glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers
In the new continental economy, each region specialized in a particular economic activity: the South __________ for export; the West grew grains and livestock to feed __________; and the East __________ for the other two regions.
[A] raised grain, southern slaves, processed meat
[B] grew cotton, eastern factory workers, made machines and textiles
[C] raised grain, eastern factory workers, made furniture and tools
[D] processed meat, southern slaves, raised grain
[E] grew cotton, southern slaves, made machines and textiles
B: Grew cotton, eastern factory workers, made furniture and tools
As a result of the transportation revolution,
[A] division of labor became a thing of the past.
[B] New Orleans became an even more important port.
[C] each region in the nation specialized in a particular type of economic activity.
[D] self-sufficiency became easier to achieve for American families.
[E] the Midwest became the first industrialized region.
C: Each region in the nation specialized in a particular type of economic activity
A major economic consequence of the transportation and marketing revolutions was
[A] the declining significance of American agriculture.
[B] a stabilization of the work force in industrial cities.
[C] the growing realization of the “rags-to-riches” American dream.
[D] a lessening of the gap between great wealth and poverty.
[E] a steady improvement in average wages and standards of living.
E: A steady improvement in average wages and standards of living
By 1850, organized religion in America
[A] retained the rigor of colonial religion.
[B] had lost some of its austere (strict) Calvinist rigor.
[C] had grown more conservative.
[D] was ignored by three-fourths of the people.
[E] had become tied to the upper classes.
B: had lost some of its austere Calvinist rigor
All the following are true of the Second Great Awakening except that it
[A] resulted in the conversion of countless souls.
[B] strengthened democratic denominations like the Baptists and Methodists.
[C] was not as large as the First Great Awakening.
[D] encouraged a variety of humanitarian reforms.
[E] was a reaction against the growing liberalism in religion.
E: was a reaction against the growing liberalism in religion
An early-nineteenth-century religious rationalist sect devoted to the rule of reason and free will was the
[A] Roman Catholics.
[B] Seventh-Day Adventists.
[C] Methodists.
[D] Unitarians.
[E] Mormons.
D:Unitarians
The Second Great Awakening tended to
[A] unite southern Baptists and southern Methodists against slavery.
[B] widen the lines between classes and regions.
[C] increase the influence of educated clergy.
[D] bring the more prosperous and conservative eastern churches into the revivalist camps.
[E] open Episcopal and Presbyterian churches to the poor.
C: increase the influence of educated clergy
One characteristic of the Mormons that angered many non-Mormons was their
[A] refusal to take up arms and defend themselves.
[B] highly individualistic life-styles.
[C] emphasis on cooperative or group effort.
[D] unwillingness to vote.
[E] flirtation with foreign governments.
C: emphasis on cooperative or group effort
In the first half of the nineteenth century, tax-supported schools were
[A] open only to tuition-paying children of the well-to-do.
[B] most in evidence in the South.
[C] continuously opposed by wealthy, conservative whites.
[D] chiefly available to educate the children of the poor.
[E] more academically demanding than private academies.
D:chiefly available to educate the children of the poor
New England reformer Dorothea Dix is most notable for her efforts on behalf of
[A] women’s education.
[B] the peace movement.
[C] the temperance movement.
[D] prison and asylum reform.
[E] abolitionism.
D:prison and asylum reform
The excessive consumption of alcohol by Americans in the 1800s
[A] stemmed from the hard and monotonous (boring) life of many.
[B] was not recognized as a social problem.
[C] held little threat for the family because everyone drank.
[D] had little impact on the efficiency of labor.
[E] did not involve women.
A: stemmed from the hard and monotonous life of many
Match each individual below with the correct description.
___ A. Louis Agassiz
___ B. Gilbert Stuart
___ C. John J. Audubon
1. author of Birds of America
2. portrait artist
3. romantic novelist
4. Harvard biologist
Agassiz - Harvard biologist
Gilbert Stuart - Portrait artist
Audubon - author
“Civil Disobedience,” an essay that later influenced both Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr., was written by the transcendentalist
[A] Margaret Fuller.
[B] Louisa May Alcott.
[C] Henry David Thoreau.
[D] Ralph Waldo Emerson.
[E] James Fenimore Cooper.
C: Henry David Thoreau
John Tyler joined the Whig party because he
A) thought that it was the easiest way to become president.
B) could not stomach the dictatorial tactics of Andrew Jackson.
C) was forced to resign from the Senate.
D) believed in its pro-bank, pro-protective tariff, and pro-internal improvements position.
E) believed it better represented Virginia's interests.
B
The Whigs placed John Tyler on the 1840 ticket as vice president to
A) have him instead of President William Henry Harrison actually run the executive branch.
B) win northern votes.
C) attract the vote of the states' rightists.
D) reward him for his strong support of the Whig party platform.
E) respond to the Democrats' expansionist appeal.
C
After President John Tyler's veto of a bill to establish a new Bank of the United States,
A) he was expelled from the Whig party.
B) all but one member of his cabinet resigned.
C) an attempt was made in the House of Representatives to impeach him.
D) Tyler also vetoed a Whig-sponsored high-tariff bill.
E) all of the above.
E
The only member of President Tyler's Whig cabinet who did not resign in protest over his policies was
A) Henry Clay.
B) Zachary Taylor.
C) Robert Walker.
D) Daniel Webster.
E) Millard Fillmore
D
During an 1837 Canadian insurrection against Britain,
A) the United States stayed neutral in word and action.
B) the United States imprisoned several American violators of neutrality.
C) America was unlawfully invaded by the British.
D) Canada warned the United States to stay out of the conflict.
E) the U. S. government plotted to annex Canada.
C
As a result of the panic of 1837,
A) the U. S. established restrictions on foreign loans.
B) Britain lent money to America, its close ally.
C) anti-British passions cooled in America.
D) the Democrats led America into war for more territory.
E) several states defaulted on their debts to Britain.
E
The British-American dispute over the border of Maine was solved
A) by the Third War for American Independence.
B) by a compromise that gave each side some territory.
C) when America was given all of the territory in question.
D) by the Caroline incident.
E) by admitting Maine into the Union and New Brunswick into Canada.
B
The Aroostook War was the result of
A) a short-lived insurrection in British Canada.
B) the Caroline incident.
C) the offer of asylum to the crew of the Creole.
D) a dispute over the northern boundary of Maine.
E) a fishing dispute between Britain and the U. S.
D
Arrange the following in chronological order:
(A) annexation of Texas
(B) Webster-Ashburton Treaty
(C) settlement of the Oregon boundary
(D) Aroostook War.
A) A, B, D, C
B) B, D, C, A
C) D, B, A, C
D) C, A, B, D
E) A, D, C, B
C
Some people in Britain hoped for a British alliance with Texas because
A) the alliance would help to support the Monroe Doctrine.
B) this area would provide an excellent base from which to attack the United States.
C) Mexican efforts to attack the United States would be stopped.
D) Texas could become a location for the settlement of undesirable British emigrants.
E) the alliance would give abolitionists the opportunity to free slaves in Texas.
E
One argument against annexing Texas to the United States was that the annexation
A) could involve the country in a series of ruinous wars in America and Europe.
B) might give more power to the supporters of slavery.
C) was not supported by the people of Texas.
D) offered little of political or economic value to America.
E) would lead to tensions and possible war with the British.
B
Texas was annexed to the United States as a result of
A) Senate approval of the Treaty of Annexation.
B) President Tyler's desire to help his troubled administration.
C) a presidential order by Andrew Jackson.
D) the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo.
E) a compromise to admit free-state Iowa at the same time.
B
Arrange in chronological order the United States' acquisition of ......
(A) Oregon
(B) Texas
(C) California
A) A, B, C
B) C, B, A
C) B, A, C
D) B, C, A
E) A, C, B
C
The primary group that was instrumental in strengthening and saving American claims to Oregon were
A) the Lewis and Clark expedition.
B) the Hudson's Bay Company.
C) American missionaries to the Indians.
D) U.S. naval forces in Puget Sound.
E) Mormon settlers from Utah.
C
Most Americans who migrated to the Oregon Country were attracted by the
A) rich soil of the Willamette River Valley.
B) expectation of fighting British troops.
C) potential profits in the fur trade.
D) discovery of gold and silver in the Cascade Mountains.
E) hope of finding a better trade route to East Asia.
A
The nomination of James K. Polk as the Democrats' 1844 presidential candidate was secured by
A) southern expansionists.
B) anti-Texas southerners.
C) Henry Clay.
D) eastern business interests.
E) proslavery forces.
A
The area in dispute between the United States and Great Britain in 1845 lay between
A) the forty-second parallel and the Columbia River.
B) the Cascade Mountains, the Columbia River, and Puget Sound.
C) the 36º 30' line and the Columbia River.
D) the forty-ninth parallel and the 54º 40' line.
E) the Columbia River, the forty-ninth parallel, and the Pacific Ocean.
E
In the 1840s, the view that God had ordained the growth of an American nation stretching across North America was called
A) continentalism.
B) isolationism.
C) anglophobia.
D) Divine Mandate.
E) Manifest Destiny.
E
In the presidential election of 1844, the Whig candidate, Henry Clay,
A) opposed the annexation of Texas.
B) called for immediate annexation of Texas.
C) favored both the annexation of Texas and the postponement of that annexation.
D) ignored the issue of the annexation of Texas.
E) favored dividing Texas into several states.
C
The election of 1844 was notable because
A) the campaign raised no real issues.
B) a genuine and clear mandate emerged.
C) it was fought over numerous issues.
D) Polk won the electoral vote but lost the popular vote.
E) it brought the slavery issue into politics.
C
The group most supportive of gaining control of all the Oregon Country was the
A) southern Democrats.
B) Whigs.
C) northern Democrats.
D) Californians.
E) Protestant missionaries.
C
In the Oregon treaty with Britain in 1846, the northern boundary of the United States was established to the Pacific Ocean along the line of
A) 42º.
B) 52º 40'.
C) 54º 40'.
D) 36º 30'.
E) 49º.
E
One reason that the British government decided to compromise on the Oregon Country border was
A) the support of the Hudson's Bay Company.
B) their belief that the territory was not worth fighting over.
C) John Tyler's election to the presidency.
D) America's acceptance of 54º 40'.
E) their better ability to defend British Columbia.
B
In his quest for California, President James K. Polk
A) advocated war with Mexico from the beginning.
B) argued strongly for annexation, because Americans were the most numerous people in the area.
C) was motivated by his knowledge of gold deposits there.
D) sought British help to persuade Mexico to sell the area to the United States.
E) first advocated buying the area from Mexico.
E
Arrange the following in chronological order:
(A) Bear Flag revolt
(B) Slidell mission rejected
(C) declaration of war on Mexico
(D) American troops ordered to the Rio Grande Valley.
A) B, D, C, A
B) A, C, B, D
C) D, B, A, C
D) C, A, D, B
E) A, D, C, B
A
In 1846 the United States went to war with Mexico for all of the following reasons except
A) the ideology of Manifest Destiny.
B) the deaths of American soldiers at the hands of Mexicans.
C) the desire to gain payment for damage claims against the Mexican government.
D) the impulse to satisfy those asking for "spot" resolutions.
E) Polk's desire to acquire California.
D
President Polk's claim that "American blood [had been shed] on the American soil" referred to news of an armed clash between Mexican and American troops near
A) San Francisco.
B) the Nueces River.
C) Santa Fe.
D) the Rio Grande.
E) San Antonio.
D
During the Mexican War, the Polk administration was called on several times to respond to "spot" resolutions indicating where American blood had been shed to provoke the war. The resolutions were frequently introduced by
A) Abraham Lincoln.
B) Henry Clay.
C) Robert Walker.
D) David Wilmot.
E) Lewis Cass.
A
One goal of Mexico in its 1846-1848 war with the United States was to
A) demonstrate the strength of Latino culture.
B) regain control of Texas.
C) capture slaves and take them back to Mexico.
D) force America to make good on unpaid claims of damages to Mexican citizens.
E) free black slaves.
E
When the war with Mexico began, President James K. Polk
A) advocated taking all of Mexico.
B) believed the British would intervene on behalf of the Americans.
C) hoped to fight a limited war, ending with the conquest of California.
D) supported a large-scale conflict.
E) denied any intention of expanding slavery.
C
Match each American officer below with his theater of command in the Mexican War.
A. Stephen W. Kearny
B. Zachary Taylor
C. Winfield Scott
D. John C. Frémont
1. northern Mexico
2. California
3. Santa Fe
4. Mexico City
A) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
B) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
C) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
D) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
E) A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
B
The terms of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo ending the Mexican War included
A) a guarantee of the rights of Mexicans living in New Mexico.
B) United States annexation of all the territory south of the Rio Grande.
C) the banning of slavery from all territory ceded to the United States.
D) a requirement that Mexico pay $3.25 million in damages to the United States.
E) United States payment of $15 million for the cession of northern Mexico.
E
Those people most opposed to President James K. Polk's expansionist program were the
A) western Democrats.
B) antislavery forces.
C) Senate Democrats.
D) supporters of Nicholas P. Trist.
E) proslavery Whigs.
B
The Wilmot Proviso
A) symbolized the burning issue of slavery in the territories.
B) gained House and Senate approval in 1846.
C) settled once and for all the issue of slavery in California.
D) allowed slavery in the territory taken from Mexico in 1848.
E) left open the issue of slavery in New Mexico and Utah.
A
The Wilmot Proviso, introduced into Congress during the Mexican War, declared that
A) Mexican territory would not be annexed to the United States.
B) slavery would be banned from all territories that Mexico ceded to the United States.
C) the United States should annex all of Mexico.
D) the United States should have to pay Mexico a financial indemnity for having provoked the war.
E) slavery in the territories would be determined by popular sovereignty.
B
The largest single addition to American territory was
A) the Louisiana Purchase.
B) the Mexican Cession.
C) the Oregon Country.
D) the Old Northwest.
E) Alaska.
B
The first Old World Europeans to come to California were
A) Russians.
B) French.
C) Dutch.
D) English.
E) Spanish.
E
The Spanish Franciscan missionaries treated the native inhabitants of California
A) according to the principles of their founder St. Francis.
B) well but refused to convert them to Christianity.
C) very harshly.
D) better than they treated their African slaves.
E) as capable of civilization if educated.
C
When the Mexican government secularized authority in California,
A) missionaries gained power.
B) slavery became an accepted practice.
C) convicts brought in by Spain were expelled.
D) California's Indians received better treatment.
E) Californios eventually gained control of the land.
E
The Californios' political ascendancy in California ended
A) with the arrival of Franciscan friars.
B) as a result of the influx of Anglo golddiggers.
C) when Mexico gained control of the area in 1826.
D) when agriculture became more profitable than mining.
E) when the U. S. government made English mandatory.
B
In order to maintain the two great political parties as vital bonds of national unity, party leaders
A) decided to ban slavery from all United States territories.
B) decided to allow slavery into all United States territories.
C) avoided public discussion of slavery.
D) banished abolitionists from membership in either national party.
E) worked to make third parties almost impossible.
C
The United States' victory in the Mexican War resulted in
A) renewed controversy over the issue of extending slavery into the territories.
B) a possible split in the Whig and Democrat parties over slavery.
C) the cession by Mexico of an enormous amount of land to the United States.
D) a rush of settlers to new American territory in California.
E) all of the above.
E
The Wilmot Proviso, if adopted, would have
A) prevented the taking of any territory from Mexico.
B) required California to enter the Union as a slave state.
C) overturned the Fugitive Slave Law.
D) prohibited slavery in any territory acquired in the Mexican War.
E) all of the above.
D
The debate over slavery in the Mexican Cession
A) threatened to split national politics along North-South lines.
B) nearly resulted in the return of the territory to Mexico.
C) resulted in the formation of the Republican party.
D) resulted in strong hostility to further expansionism.
E) all of the above.
A
The War of 1812 was one of the worst-fought wars in United States history because
a. Native Americans supported the British
b. too much national anger prevented clear thinking on strategy
c. of the poor state of the economy
d. of a non-existent militia
e. of widespread disunity
e. of widespread disunity
The War of 1812 was one of the worst-fought wars in United States history meaning
we were divided in the beginning
The War of 1812 was one of the worst-fought wars in American history for all of the following reasons except that
a. there was no militia to draw on to supplement the regular army
b. disunity was widespread
c. only a zealous minority supported the war
d. the army was scandalously inadequate
e. the militia was poorly trained
a. there was no militia to draw on to supplement the regular army
America's campaign against Canada in the War of 1812 was
a. unusual for its brilliant military leadership
b. a complete failure
c. marked by good coordination of a complicated strategy
d. notable for its support by New England
e. a success on land but a failure on the water
a. a complete failure
America's campaign against Canada in the War of 1812 showed
replay of
imperialism, the American revolution
The British attack on Baltimore
a. resulted in another British victory
b. made possible the British invasion of Washington DC
c. inspired the writing of the "Star Spangled Banner"
d. produced the "Bladensburg Races"
e. resulted in the destruction of many British shops
c. inspired the writing of the "Star Spangled Banner"
The most devastating defeat suffered by the British during the War of 1812 took place at the Battle of
a. New Orleans
b. Horseshoe Bend
c. Tippecanoe
d. the Thames
e. Fallen Timbers
a. New Orleans
The most devastating defeat suffered by the British during the War of 1812 but
the war was officially over 6 weeks earlier
The Battle of New Orleans
a. saw the British win another victory
b. followed a British defeat at Washington DC
c. was fought by the US only for material gain
d. resulted in the British seeking peace
e. unleashed a wave of nationalism and self confidence
e. unleashed a wave of nationalism and self confidence
The Battle of New Orleans meaning
we won a war without anyone's help
At the peace conference at Ghent, the British began to withdraw many of its earlier demands for all of the following reasons except
a. reverses in upper New York
b. a loss at Baltimore
c. increasing war weariness in Britain
d. concern about the still dangerous France
e. the American victory at New Orleans
e. the American victory at New Orleans
At the peace conference at Ghent, the British began to withdraw many of its earlier demands for all of the following reasons except why
it had not occurred yet
The delegates of the Hartford Convention adopted resolutions that included a call for
a. a Constitutional amendment requiring a two thirds vote in Congress before war was declared
b. New England's secession from the Union
c. a separate peace treaty between New England and the British
d. the dissolution of the Federalist party
e. war with England
a. a Constitutional amendment requiring a two thirds vote in Congress before war was declared
The delegates of the Hartford Convention adopted resolutions that included a call, who called it?
Federalists
The resolutions from the Hartford Convention
a. helped to cause the death of the Federalist party
b. resulted in the resurgence of states' rights
c. called for southern secession from the union
d. supported use of state militias against the British
e. called for the West to join the War of 1812
a. helped to cause the death of the Federalist party
The resolutions from the Hartford Convention why? and also?
session, made them look like traitors
In diplomatic and economic terms, the War of 1812
a. was a disaster for the US
b. could be considered the Second War for American Independence
c. was considered a victory for Britain
d. resulted in the fall of the British government that concluded the conflict
e. was a disaster for Britain
b. could be considered the Second War for American Independence
In diplomatic and economic terms, the War of 1812 why?
did it on our own and got rid of the British for good
The outcome of the War of 1812 was
a. decisive victory for the US
b. a stimulus to patriotic nationalism in the US
c. an embarrassment for American diplomacy
d. a heavy blow to American manufacturing
e. a decisive victory for the British
b. a stimulus to patriotic nationalism in the US
The outcome of the War of 1812 was why?`
we did it together, came in divided and came out united
After the War of 1812, Europe
a. became more democratic and liberal
b. developed very close ties to the US
c. continued to have an important impact on American shipping
d. return to conservatism, illiberalism, and reaction
e. sought more trade with China
d. return to conservatism, illiberalism, and reaction
After the War of 1812, Europe why?
many struggles economically and politically going on
One of the most important by products of the War of 1812 was
a. a renewed commitment to states' right
b. a heightened spirit of nationalism
c. a resurgence of the Federalist part
d. increased economic dependence on Europe
e. the subjugation of the Indians
b. a heightened spirit of nationalism
One of the most important by products of the War of 1812 was meaning?
feeling of pride that we did it on our own, went in divided and came out united
Post War of 1812 nationalism could be seen in all of the following except
a. the way in which American painters depicted the beauty of American landscapes
b. a revival of American religion
c. the building of a more handsome national capital
d. an expanded army
e. development of a national literature
b. a revival of American religion
We 'USA" were creating our own
culture
The Tariff of the 1816 was the first in American history
a. to be enacted
b. intended to raise revenue
c. that aimed to protect American industry
d. to impose customs duties on foreign imports
e. designed to protect agriculture
c. that aimed to protect American industry
The Tariff of the 1816 was the first in American history, what area wanted? what area did not?
New England, West and South
Henry Clay's call for federally funded roads and canals received wholehearted endorsement from
a. President Madison
b. New England
c. the West
d. Jeffersonain Republicans
e. the South
c. the West
Henry Clay's call for federally funded roads and canals received wholehearted endorsement from why?
to develop the West
New England opposed the American System's federally constructed roads because
a. they cost too much
b. the Democratic-Republicans
c. canals were a superior means of transportation
d. they would drain away needed population to the West
e. they were poorly constructed
d. they would drain away needed population to the West
Democratic Republicans opposed Henry Clay's American System because
a. it favored only the South
b. it would provide stiff competition to the Erie Canal
c. they believed that it was unconstitutional
d. the Bonus Bill of 1817 made it necessary
e. they favored a road system that included Canada
c. they believed that it was unconstitutional
Democratic Republicans opposed Henry Clay's American System because why?
give too much federal influence
The Era of Good Feelings
a. was characterized by the absence of any serious problems
b. was noted for cooperation between the Democratic and Republican parties
c. marked a temporary end to sectionalism
d. was a troubled period
e. saw the start of the Whig party
d. was a troubled period
The Era of Good Feelings why?
only had a one party system- not many choices
One of the major causes of the panic of 1819 was
a. bankruptcies
b. overspeculation in frontier lands
c. deflation
d. the failure to recharter the Bank of the US
e. a drought that resulted in poor agricultural production
b. overspeculation in frontier lands
One of the major causes of the panic of 1819 was meaning?
thought they were going to make more profit than they did
The western land boom resulted from all of the following except
a. it was a continuation of the old westward movement
b. land exhaustion in the older tobacco states
c. speculators accepted small down payments
d. the frontier was pacified with the defeat with the Indians
e. the construction of railroad lines as far west as the Mississippi River
e. the construction of railroad lines as far west as the Mississippi River
Note 
Flashcard (48)