Intelligence & IQ Testing Summary

These flashcards cover key concepts and terms related to intelligence and IQ testing, including definitions and important aspects of testing validity and reliability.

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

A standardized score reflecting an individual's performance on reasoning, problem-solving, and learning tests compared to others of the same age.

Stanford-Binet Test

An intelligence test developed in 1916, modified from the original Binet-Simon test, used to assess cognitive abilities.

Mental Age

The age level that corresponds to an individual's performance on cognitive tests, which can differ from chronological age.

Deviation IQ

An intelligence score based on how far an individual's performance deviates from the average score of their age group; standard average IQ is set at 100.

Culture-Fair IQ Test

An IQ test designed to minimize cultural bias by using abstract reasoning items that do not rely on language.

Intellectual Disability

A condition characterized by low IQ (below about 70) and difficulties in daily functioning, with onset prior to adulthood.

Mental Giftedness

A term referring to individuals in the top 2% of IQ scores, often excelling in fields such as science, law, and education.

Reliability of IQ Scores

The consistency of IQ scores over time; stable for adults, but less stable for very young children.

Validity of IQ Scores

The degree to which IQ scores can predict future academic success and correlate with variables such as health outcomes.

Double Curse of Incompetence

A phenomenon where individuals with poor cognitive skills overestimate their own abilities, leading to inflated confidence.