NURS 615 Exam 3 Review Study Guide

A study guide flashcard set summarizing key concepts from the NURS 615 Exam 3 Review.

Topical NSAIDs

First-line treatment for acute mild musculoskeletal pain.

Salicylate toxicity symptoms

First symptoms include nausea and vomiting (N/V), diaphoresis, tinnitus, and hyperventilation.

Acetaminophen toxicity signs

In the first 0.5 to 24 hours: nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis; 24 to 72 hours: AST/ALT rise; 72 to 96 hours: jaundice and confusion.

Opioid agonists

Activate opioid receptors fully; examples include morphine, codeine, and methadone.

Allopurinol

First-line agent for lowering urate levels; associated with maculopapular rash and renal disorders.

Colchicine action

Binds to microtubular proteins, inhibiting migration of granulocytes to inflamed areas.

Corticosteroids

Have metabolic, anti-inflammatory, and growth-suppression effects; produced by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis.

Metformin

First-line medication for type 2 diabetes; improves insulin sensitivity and decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis.

ACE inhibitors

Block conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II; associated with dry cough and angioedema.

Bradykinin

A substance that causes vasodilation; high levels can cause cough in patients taking ACE inhibitors.

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors

Increase insulin secretion and lower glucose levels; low risk of hypoglycemia.

Amiodarone

Class III antiarrhythmic; reduces ectopic pacemaker activity; side effects include photosensitivity and hepatic issues.

Agranulocytosis

A potentially life-threatening condition characterized by a low count of granulocytes, presenting with high fever and sore throat.

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

Block angiotensin II receptors; do not affect bradykinin.

Statins

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors that block cholesterol synthesis in the liver; side effects may include myalgia.