Q1 LCS 11

Self-Concept

A person’s subjective description of who the person thinks he or she is

Development

Pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the lifespan

Nature

Biological/Genetic predispositions

Nurture

Influences of learning and environment

Factors affecting Development

Risk Factors & Protective Factors

Risk Factors

Internal & external conditions that impedes development

Protective Factors

Internal & external conditions that foster development

Domains of Development

Physical, Psycho-Social, Cognitive, and Moral

Pre-Natal Development (Physical)

From conception to birth

Infancy and Toddlerhood (Physical)

From birth to age 2. Sensory-motor development

Root Reflex

Find food

Suck Reflex

Take in food

Moro Reflex

Baby spreads due to being startled

Early Childhood (Physical)

From ages 2 to 6. Develop fine motor skills

Middle Childhood (Physical)

From ages 6 to 12. Physical growth slows down

Early Adolescence

From ages 12 to 18. Puberty and peer relationships deepen.

Puberty

Happens between 8 to 12

Late Adolescence (Physical)

Physical dev is complete and relationships stabilize

Early Adulthood (Physical)

From ages 18-40. Peak of physical health

Middle Adulthood (Physical)

From ages 40-65. Gradual decline of Physical Abilities.

Late Adulthood (Physical)

Age 65 onwards. Frailty and health vulnerabilities

Erik Erikson

Developer 8 Stages of Psychosocial Stages of Dev

Stage 1 (0-2)

Trust vs Mistrust

Stage 2 (2-4)

Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

Virtue of Stage 2

Will

Virtue of Stage 1

Hope

Stage 3 (4-5)

Initiative vs Guilt

Virtue of Stage 3

Purpose

Stage 4 (5-12)

Industry vs Inferiority

Virtue of Stage 4

Competence

Stage 5 (12-19)

Identity vs Role Confusion

Virtue of Stage 5

Fidelity

Stage 6 (20-40)

Intimacy vs Isolation

Virtue of Stage 6

Love

Stage 7 (40-65)

Generativity vs Stagnation

Virtue of Stage 7

Care

Stage 8 (65-Death)

Integrity vs Despair

Virtue of Stage 8

Wisdom

Jean Piaget

Proponent of Cognitive Development

Piaget’s Sensorimotor Stage

Age 0-2. Explore using sense and actions.

Developments in Sensorimotor Stage

Sensory & Motor Exploration. Object Permanence

Object Permanence (Sensorimotor)

Knowing that things are there despite not seeing them

Piaget’s Preoperational Stage

Ages 2-7. Symbolic thought emerges

Preoperational Characteristics

Symbolic thinking, Egocentrism, Animism, Centration, Lack of conservation, Lack of reversibility, Transductive Reasoning (SEACLLT)

Egocentrism (Preoperational)

Struggling to see perspectives beyond oneself

Animism (Preoperational)

Giving life-like qualities to objects

Centration (Preoperational)

Focus on only one aspect

Lack of conservation (Preoperational)

Yung clay na ano

Lack of reversibility (Preoperational)

Can’t grasp that actions can be reversed

Transductive Thinking (Preoperational)

Faulty cause and effect

Piaget’s Concrete Operational Stage

Age 7-11. Has logical thought

Concrete Operational Characteristics

Decentring, Reversibility, Conservation, Classification, Seriation (DRCCS)

Decentring (Concrete Operational)

Stepping away from egocentrism

Seriation (Concrete Operational)

Arranging in logical order

Piaget’s Formal Operational Stage

Ages 12+. Abstract and scientific thinking

Formal Operational Characteristics

Abstract Reasoning, Logical Thinking, Working Memory, Metacognition (ALWM)

Abstract Thinking (Formal Operational)

Thinking beyond concrete ideas

Logical Thinking (Formal Operational)

Deducting things using reason

Working Memory (Formal Operational)

Holding and manipulating info for periods of time

Metacognition (Formal Operational)

Thinking about thinking

Cognitive Development Concepts

Schemas, Accommodation, Assimilation, Equilibration (SAccAssE)

Schemas

Mental files or categories of knowledge

Assimilation

Absorption/adding of new info into schemas

Accomodation

Modifying or creating schemas for new info

Lawrence Kohlberg

Proponent for moral development

Kohlberg’s Pre-Conventional Level

Childhood. Avoiding Punishment and Personal Benefit

Obedience and Punishment Orientation (Pre-Conventional)

Avoiding punishment; deferring to power

Individualism and Exchange (Pre-Conventional)

Self-interest and what’s fair for oneself

Kohlberg’s Conventional Level

Adolescence and Adulthood. Meeting social expectations and obeying laws

Good Interpersonal Relationships (Conventional)

Maintaining an image of being “good”

Maintaining Social Order (Conventional)

Upholding laws and authority

Kohlberg’s Post-Conventional Level

Advanced moral reasoning. Universal principles

Social Contract and Individual Rights (Post-Conventional)

Laws can be changed

Universal Principles (Post-Conventional)

Basing morals on ethical principles

Germinal Stage (Pre-Natal)

0-2 Weeks. Zygote forms

Embryonic (Pre-Natal)

3-8 weeks. Organs and body develop

Which pre-natal stage is most susceptible to teratogens

Embryonic Stage

Fetal Stage

9 weeks to birth. Maturation of fetus