AP Bio Organelles

Nucleus

Houses chromozones, made of chromatin, contains nucleoli, where ribosomal subunits are made. Pores regulate entry and exit of materials

endoplasmic reticulum

facilitation of protein folding and the transport of synthesized proteins in sacs called cisternae.

plasma membrane

Used as protection and is the surface of diffusion

ribosomes

Translate mRNA into protein

golgi apparatus

modifies, and sorts macromolecules for cell secretion. Modifies proteins and transports lipids around the cell

lysosome

break down macromolecules in the cell using the process of hydrolysis

mitochondrion

the site of cellular respiration

vacuole

hold many substances from organic molecules to simple excess water

cell wall

support, protection, allows CO2,O2, and H2O to pass through the cell

chloroplast

uses energy from sun to make food for the plant

cilia

movement

peroxisome

contains enzymes that transfer hydrogen to water. produces hydrogen peroxide as a bi product

flagellum

helps prokaryotes move through liquids, “whip”

plasmodesmata

connects the cytoplasm of adjacent cells.

microvilli

increase surface area for absorption

cytoskeleton

serves a variety of mechanical transport and signaling functions

centrosome

functions as a microtubule-organizing center

central vacuole

aids in reproduction, growth, and development

nuclear envelope

encloses the nucleus, separating it's contents from cytoplasm

nucleolus

synthesises rRNA, ribosomal subunits are assembeled, functions in regulation of some cellular proccesses

chromatin

aids in vision of cells