BIO 002 - DOMAIN CLASSIFICATION SCHEME

Carl Woese et al.

The three-domain system is a biological classification introduced by _______ _____________ in 1990 that divides cellular life forms into archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotic domains. The key difference from earlier classifications is the splitting of archaea from bacteria.

Domain Archaea

Classification of living things that live in harsh environments (extremophiles). 

Methanogens

Produces Methane 

Thermophiles

Lives in extreme hot environment like volcanic vents 

Halophiles

Lives in extreme saline environment

Acidophiles

In extreme acidic environment

Domain Bacteria

Classification of living things that are prokaryotic in nature. Formerly classified as Kingdom Monera and Eubacteria, Can be seen alone or in clusters.

Rod, Round, Spiral

Three shapes of Domain Bacteria

Gram Positive Bacteria

Have thicker cell walls, Retains Violet color with crystal violet staining, Contains peptidoglycan

Gram Negative Bacteria

Have thinner cell walls, Does not retain staining and Are resistant to multiple drugs and are increasingly resistant to most available antibiotics

Cyanobacteria

Also called as blue-green algae, A cluster of photosynthetic bacteria

Domain Eukarya

Classification of living things that are eukaryotic in nature, Very diverse; has unicellular and multicellular organisms. Has 4 classifications

Kingdom Protista

Unicellular eukaryotes, Are either autotrophs or heterotrophs

Protozoans

Animal-like protists, Classified according to locomotory organelle

Algae

Plant-like protists, Classified according to pigment

Slimemolds

Fungus-like protists, Classified according to pigment

Kingdom Fungi

Unicellular and Multicellular , All heterotrophs and saprophytes. Has chitin in cell walls, Also called Kingdom Mycota

Division Basidiomycota

Club Fungi

 Division Zygomycota

Zygote fungi

Division Ascomycota

Sac Fungi

Division Deuteromycota

Imperfect Fungi

Kingdom Plantae

Multicellular, All autotrophs, Has cellulose in cell walls

Division Bryophyta

non vascular plants

 Subdivision Angiospermae and Subdivision Gymnospermae

2 types of Division Tracheophyta 

Subdivision Angiospermae

Vascular plants with seeds

Subdivision Gymnospermae

Vascular plants without seeds

Multicellular, All heterotrophs, No cell walls, There are 36 recognized animal phyla, of which but nine contain the vast majority of described, extant species.

Phylum Porifera

Sponge

Phylum Cnidaria

Hydra and Medussa

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Flatworms

Phylum Nematoda

Roundworms

Phylum Annelida

Ringed worms

Phylum Arthropoda

Segmented body, and Paired jointed appendage

Phylum Echinodermata

Spiny Skins 

Phylum Chordata

Vertebrae