Acid-Base Reactions

Fill-in-the-blank flashcards on acid-base chemistry concepts, conjugate acids and bases, and acid rain.

The species remaining after a Brønsted-Lowry acid donates a proton is its _.

conjugate base

The species formed when a Brønsted-Lowry base accepts a proton is its _.

conjugate acid

A species that can react as either an acid or a base is described as _.

amphoteric

A covalently bonded -OH group in an acid is called a _ group.

Hydroxyl

Brønsted-Lowry reactions involve _ acid-base pairs.

conjugate

In every conjugate acid-base pair, the acid has one _ proton than its conjugate base.

more

Strong acids readily donate protons, resulting in very _ conjugate bases.

weak

Strong bases have little tendency to attack and retain protons, resulting in very _ conjugate acids.

weak

The stronger an acid is, the the conjugate base, and the stronger the base, the _ the conjugate acid.

weaker; weaker

Proton-transfer reactions favor the production of the _ acid and the _ base.

weaker; weaker

For a compound to be acidic, a _ molecule must be able to attract a hydrogen atom from a hydroxyl group.

water

Any feature of a molecule that increases the polarity of the O-H bond _ the acidity of the compound.

increases

Oxyacids are molecular _ that contain one or more O-H bonds.

electrolytes

More _ atoms bonded to the atom connected to the -OH group increase acidity.

oxygen

Neutralization reactions produce _ and a salt.

water

In aqueous solutions, neutralization is the reaction of _ ions and _ ions to form water molecules.

hydronium; hydroxide

A salt is an ionic compound composed of a _ from a base and an _ from an acid.

cation; anion

Industrial processes produce gases like NO, NO2, CO2, SO2, and SO3, which can dissolve in atmospheric water to produce _.

acid rain

Acid rain can decrease the _ of ecosystems by eliminating fish populations in lakes and streams.

biodiversity