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Fill-in-the-blank flashcards on acid-base chemistry concepts, conjugate acids and bases, and acid rain.
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The species remaining after a Brønsted-Lowry acid donates a proton is its _.
conjugate base
The species formed when a Brønsted-Lowry base accepts a proton is its _.
conjugate acid
A species that can react as either an acid or a base is described as _.
amphoteric
A covalently bonded -OH group in an acid is called a _ group.
Hydroxyl
Brønsted-Lowry reactions involve _ acid-base pairs.
conjugate
In every conjugate acid-base pair, the acid has one _ proton than its conjugate base.
more
Strong acids readily donate protons, resulting in very _ conjugate bases.
weak
Strong bases have little tendency to attack and retain protons, resulting in very _ conjugate acids.
weak
The stronger an acid is, the the conjugate base, and the stronger the base, the _ the conjugate acid.
weaker; weaker
Proton-transfer reactions favor the production of the _ acid and the _ base.
weaker; weaker
For a compound to be acidic, a _ molecule must be able to attract a hydrogen atom from a hydroxyl group.
water
Any feature of a molecule that increases the polarity of the O-H bond _ the acidity of the compound.
increases
Oxyacids are molecular _ that contain one or more O-H bonds.
electrolytes
More _ atoms bonded to the atom connected to the -OH group increase acidity.
oxygen
Neutralization reactions produce _ and a salt.
water
In aqueous solutions, neutralization is the reaction of _ ions and _ ions to form water molecules.
hydronium; hydroxide
A salt is an ionic compound composed of a _ from a base and an _ from an acid.
cation; anion
Industrial processes produce gases like NO, NO2, CO2, SO2, and SO3, which can dissolve in atmospheric water to produce _.
acid rain
Acid rain can decrease the _ of ecosystems by eliminating fish populations in lakes and streams.
biodiversity