respiratory

LTA and LTB

Functions of the respiratory system

1. provides an area for gas exchange between blood and air

2. Warm, moisten, and filter air before it reaches the lungs

3. produces sounds needed for speech.

4. Aids the sense of smell.

thoracic cavity

where most of the respiratory organs are located

Visceral pleura

covers the surface of organs, such as the lungs.

parietal pleura.

what The walls of the cavity (of an organ) are covered in

mucous cells

produce a sticky secretion to trap foreign particles.

ciliated columnar epithelium

propels the mucus towards the pharynx, where it is swallowed.

Nasal conchae

three curled bone shelves in the nasal cavity that force air flow over the largest surface area of cilia possible.

nasopharynx.

where Air exits the nasal cavity

what is the pharynx

it is the throat needed to breathe and eat.

parts of the pharynx

nasopharynx , oropharynx, laryngopharynx

what is the larynx?

it is the voice box

fuction of the larnxy in resperation

During respiration, a flap of tissue called the epiglottis remains open, allowing air to pass through the glottis and into the larynx.

what is vocal cords

the part that vibrates to produce sound

thryriod cartialge

adams apple

what is the trachea?

windpipe

types of cartilage in the trachea

cricoid cartilage covers the area where the larynx joins with the trachea.

tracheal cartilages which are 15-20 C-shaped cartilages that stiffen the walls of the trachea and prevent it from closing.

what are the bronchi

things that lead to the lungs

number of lobes in the right lung

3

lobes of left lung

2

alveoli

The bronchioles end at small air-filled

Surfactant-secreting cells

produce a lipid that reduces the surface tension of water – preventing the wet surfaces of alveoli from sticking together.

Macrophages

white blood cells that will ingest (endocytosis) bacteria, viruses, or foreign objects that are inhaled and make it past the cilia.

Capillaries

allow red blood cells to pass near the alveoli.

Simple squamous cells

provide a barrier thin enough for O₂ and CO₂ to diffuse through.