Lecture One , Lecture Two , Quiz 1.1: Plato , Quiz 1.2: Aristotle , Quiz 2.1: Romanticism and William Blake - Songs of innocence , Quiz 2.2: William Blake - songs of experience , Frankenstien (Quizes 2.3-2.7)

4 million BCE

First Bipedular Sapiens

100,000 BCE

First tool use, symbolic expression

12,000 BCE

Agriculture and Urban Centers

How long did people live in society without writing

8,500 years

3,500 BCE

First recorded "writing"

400 BCE

Classical Greece: Aristotle and Plato

Plato

Skeptical of writing

Aristotle

Viewed Writing as a more than the sum of its parts

How many years from first writing to Platos skepticism's

3,100 years

1800 CE

Romantic Period, Literacy becomes common place

Early 20th century

Modernist period writers ecstatic/skeptical of what modernization brings

Late 20th century-21st century

Technology is so pervasive, we wonder what it means to be human

How much time between classical Greece and ChatGPT

2422 years

Why did people start writing?

Money, Power, Posterity

Money (writing motivation)

Uruk (3350-3100 BCE) writing was to track production, labor, and goods

Power (writing motivation)

Emmerkar and the lord of Aratta: changing the narrative, spreading information about their own power

Posterity (writing motivation)

China and Mesoamerica: writing was used for ritualistic purposes and commemorating ancestors

Four places writing was invented

Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and Mesoamerica

samasiographics systems

represent ideas only such as math and musical notation

glottographic systems

capture the way words are spoken and the speech can be recovered

temporality (writing problems)

the idea that culture without writing existed outside of history or did not develop

Illiteracy (writing problems)

the idea that those who cannot read/write are inferior

Reason (writing problems)

the idea that people who cannot externalize knowledge through writing are incapable of reason

In the Phaedrus, Plato tells the story of Thamus and Theuth. How does Thamus feel about writing?

Thamus believes writing will make Egyptians more forgetful

What is Phaedrus's reaction to Plato's story of Thamos and Theuth

He believes Plato made it up

In the Phaedrus, Plato tells the story of Thamus and Theuth. How does Theuth feel about writing?

Theuth believes writing will make egyptians wiser

Plato makes and extensive analogy between a farmer planting seeds and a wise man and his knowledge. In the same way that a good farmers does not wast his seeds, why should a wise man not write down his thoughts?

Written down thoughts never actually take root in the listener because they are not real knowledge

What is dialection?

Someone who conveys knowledge to others through discourse, and thereby shares that knowledge in a more permanent way

what is the definition of phainomena?

Things as they appear to be

Unified plot in Aristotle

When it is focused on one singular action of a certain magnitude

in the poetics, what is the purpose of tragedy?

To inspire pity and fear in the viewer resulting in the purification of such emotions

What does Aristotle means when he writes "Tragedy is not an imitation of persons, but of actions and of life."

Characters may be good or bad, but the goal of tragedy is to show the good or bad choices people make that lead to their ultimate good or bad end.

What does Aristotle mean when he says that plots should have a certain magnitude that is beautiful?

Plots should convey only the necessary events in which, through chance or choice, good fortune turns to bad fortune or bad fortune to good fortune.

What did Blake do for money?

Illustrate books, Engrave designs from other artists, and Teach drawing

What is the setting of "Holy Thursday"

St. Pauls Cathedral

Why did the British Government not step in to help ameliorate the suffering of those displaced by industrialization?

It believed in Laissez-faire capitalism which states that the free market would ultimately maximize the general welfare for everyone

Repressive government measures instituted as a reaction to the french revolution

Advocates for social change could be charged with treason, Public meetings were prohibited, and habeas corpus was suspended

who is Ozymandias?

A tyrannical king from a long time ago

Features of industrialization/modernization that appear in the poem London?

Increase in sex workers, exploitation of labor, and increase in private property

in the "The Chimney Sweeper" in Songs of Experience on lines 3 and 4 the poem states:

"Where are thy father & mother? say?"/"They are both gone up to the church to pray

Why do you think that the poem stresses that the parents are in church?

It shows that the church does not actually help the poor

in "Holy Thursday" why does the speakers of the poem say that this is a "rich and fruitful land" in one line and then claim that it is "eternal winter" in another line?

It heightens the contrast between the wealth of the land and the misery of the children who get nothing

Whats noticeable about the evolution of the covers of William Blake's songs of innocence and experience?

The colors get more saturated as the manuscripts progress

Where does Robert Walton first see Frankenstein?

The Arctic

Why does Frankenstein start telling his story to Walton?

It is a warning about his own desire to discover the unknown leading to his ruin

Which "natural philosophy" is M. Waldman's main preoccupation?

Chemistry

What type of schooling to the Frankenstein Children receive?

Their parents let them pursue their own interests and develop on their own

Victor Frankenstein is:

The scientists who creates the monster

Hoe does the monster help the cottagers to survive?

He finds them fire wood

What color is the monster?

Yellow

According to Elizabeth, what is the major political difference between Geneva and the surrounding monarchies?

There are fewer distinctions of class

where does the monster find a more permanent abode?

A hovel attached to a cottage

Who is the first human the monster encounters?

A Shepard in a small hut

Where does Vitor end up after he gets lost at sea

Ireland

How much time has passed between the creatures creation and his introduction to the elder De Lacy?

One year (Nov-Nov)

How does the monster aim to make friends with the DeLacy's

Speak to senior De Lacey when he is alone, and gain his confidence

What does the Monster ask Frankenstein to do after he tells the story of Agatha and Felix

Build him a bride

What does the Monster do after the De Lacey's and Safie leave the cottage?

He sets it on fire.

What percentage of the published novel is missing from the extant draft on the site?

13%

Based on the intro, how much of the manuscripts on the site belongs to the original short story (the ur-text) Mary Shelly wrote in Geneva in the summer of 1816

It is unclear because the original story not longer exists

Why are there three different ways of accessing the pages of the Frankenstein manuscript?

The pages were disbound and their order does not necessarily follow a regular page order

What was Henry Clerval's original name?

Henry Carignan

Which scenes have no textual evidence indicating they were included in the ur-text?

The Safie Episode (?)