Word formation

preeminence

At the turn of the century, the ________ of Paris as the centre of avant-garde theatre had declined and the lead had passed to Berline and later Moscow. (EMINENT)

avant-garde: tiên phong

ưu thế, ưu việt (+prefix)

crossbreeding

The different cultivation techniques, as well as __________, have resulted in thousands of varieties of rice, including sticky rices, wild rices and fragrant rices: all can be categorised as long-, medium- or short-grain. (BREED)

việc lai giống

non-aligned

The council has rejected city offers to become an official part of the city, preferring its independent, _________ status. (ALIGN)

không liên kết

southernmost

Mount Erebus - named after one of the primordial beings in Greek mythology, son of Chaos, personification of darkness - is the ______ active volcano in the world. (SOUTH)

cực nam, xa nhất về phía nam

bycatch

Different fishing methods, like trawling or longline fishing, are criticised for producing larger amounts of ______ than others, like pole and line fishing. (CATCH)

vật bắt nhầm

tight-lipped

Theme Park operators have been ________ about what the future holds, but they have clearly been discussing plans for opening day. (LIP)

kín đáo

indefatigable

For many admirers, she is a(n) _________ fighter for human rights, defender of the underdog and campaigner against miscarriages of justice. (FATIGUE)

không mệt mỏi

sidestepped

Facebook ________ sensitive issues during its presentation at the so-called NewFronts, an annual event for digital media companies to promote themselves as advertising venues. (STEP)

lảng tránh

scattershot

Celebrities with big Twitter followings are immensely attractive to advertisers; the accepted wisdom is that one personal endorsement from a beloved star is better value for money than larger amounts of _______ branding - disorganised, unfocused marketing. (SHOOT)

kém tổ chức

workshy

Opinions on the youth of Generation Y, also known as "millennials", are less surprising: good at tech stuff but truculent and a bit _______, resenting the burdens of office. (WORK)

nhát làm

earshot

Not so long ago, the menopause was something to be discussed in hushed tones well out of the _____________ of those who weren’t going through it. (EAR)

phạm vi nghe, tầm nghe

ill-defined

One of the worst things you can do is give an employee an _____________ task and send them off. (DEFINE)

không rõ ràng

misdiagnosed

I have been dealing with the obvious symptoms since I was at least 18, but was _____________ with just MDD and anxiety until last December before I got the correct conclusion of my condition. (DIAGNOSE)

bị chẩn đoán sai

amenable

Personality traits are, by definition, virtually permanent, and so personality disorders are only partially _____________ to treatment, if at all. (AMEND)

có thể chịu ảnh hưởng; có thể được cải thiện

unblemished

Fresh carrots should be firm and crisp, with smooth and _____________ skin. (BLEMISH)

không tì vết

afterthought

Armed with basic seasonings and techniques, vegetables can be the stars of the table rather than a worthy _____________. (THINK)

một thứ được cân nhắc sau cùng

awestruck

If the father of electromagnetism, Michael Faraday, could be transported into the 21st century, he would no doubt be _____________ by the iPhone. (AWE)

thán phục

fast-paced

_____________ work environments and constant experimentation are typically the province of tech companies. (PACE)

nhịp độ nhanh

foreshadowing

High-altitude craft took photographs on motion-picture film that was later processed into mosaic large-scale maps, _____________ developments in aerial mapmaking. (SHADOW)

báo trước, điềm báo

interminably

Rather than just sitting indoors and waiting _____________ for them to pass, I embrace feeling the winter rain against my face, cycling through the winter in order to appreciate these colder months. (TERMINATE)

vô tận, không ngừng

undated

They were in search of ________________ archaelogical remains. (DATE)

không đề ngày tháng

unrestrained

He always get ____________ aggressive when he’s drunk. (RESTRAIN)

không kiềm chế

forerunner

The drop in share prices in March was a __________ of the financial crash that followed in June. (RUN)

điềm báo

unaccompanied

She sang the first three verses with a piano and the last verse ___________. (COMPANY)

không có người đi kèm

unthinkingly

I really didn’t mean to offen her - I just said it ____________. (THINK)

không suy nghĩ

inhumanity

They were accused of _________ in their treatment of the hostages. (HUMAN)

sự vô nhân đạo

unquestionably

It was ______________ a step in the right direction. (QUESTION)

chắc chắn

non-existent

Hospital beds were scarce and medicines were practically ___________. (EXIST)

không tồn tại

stylishly

The bride was __________ dressed in white. (STYLE)

một cách sang trọng

painstakingness

His methodical _____________ was a point of divergence from the Impressionists and he devoted many studies to creating the composition. (PAIN)

sự tỉ mỉ, cẩn thận, chính xác

infuriating

It’s __________ when people won’t believe things that are obviously true. (FURY)

chọc giận, làm cáu tiết

reunification

_________ of East and West Germany began in 1900 when the Berlin Wall came down. (UNITY)

sự thống nhất lại

self-evaluation

In Scotland, there is a greater emphasis on _________ by individual schools. (VALUE)

sự tự đánh giá

unequivocally

Eighty percent of people interviewed _________ declared that the use of endangered wild animals such as elephants and tigers as a form of entertainment should be prohibited. (VOICE)

(1 cách) dứt khoát, rõ ràng

barbarism

British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher called the hanging an act of _____ which is deeply repugnant to all civilized people. (BARBARIC = man rợ)
hành động dã man, man rợ

humanoid

The _____ vigor of man-made things, as suggested by these metaphors, is at the same time ungainly and unnatural. (HUMAN)

giống con người

unilateral

Don't judge the matter by my opponent's _____ statement, but wait till you have heard the other side. (LATERAL)

một bên, một phía

pseudo-intellectual

In my opinion, this book is just _____ rubbish. (INTELLECT)

giả tri thức

outspoken

Jim is one of the most _____ members of the committee. (SPEAK)

thẳng thắn, trực tiếp

repulsive/ repellent

She found the idea deeply _____. (REPEL)

ghê tởm

expropriating

He was discovered to have been _____ company funds. (PROPERTY)

chiếm đoạt

non-aggressively

If you can respond calmly and _____, then I think that would be the best way forward. (AGGRESSIVE)

(một cách) không hung hăng

proof-reading

Most of the errors were corrected at the _____ stage before the copies were finally printed. (READ)

đọc thử, xem trước

outplayed

The other team completely _____ us and we lost 6-0. (PLAY)

chơi vượt trội

dispersal

Some species feed primarily on fruit and so aid in seed _____. (DISPERSE: lan tỏa, phân tán)

sự phân tán

typecast

Any actor who becomes known for one role is in danger of becoming _____. (TYPE)

một dạng vai diễn nhất định phù hợp với đặc điểm thể chất

depressurises

If the cabin _____, oxygen masks will automatically drop down. (PRESS)

giảm áp suất

artefacts

The museum's collection includes _____ dating back to prehistoric times. (FACT)

cổ vật

irrevocable

You won't persuade him to change his mind. His decision is _____. (REVOKE)

không thể thay đổi

incorrigible

They were divorced because there was nothing she could do to make her husband change. He was such a _____ flirt. (RIGHT)

tồi tệ; không thể thay đổi, cải thiện

deformity

The slight _____ in his left hand was corrected by surgery. (FORM)

dị dạng

all-pervading/ all-pervasive

You and he were so close about the project; it was an _____ obsession of his. (PERVADE)

toàn diện; bao phủ rộng

inflammatory

The candidate made an _____ speech that incensed all those who heard it. (FLAME)

gây kích động

overpriced

These shoes are very nice, but they are terribly _____ (PRICE)

vượt giá

incriminate

He refused to say anything on the grounds that he might _____ himself. (CRIME)

buộc tội

domescity

______________ seems to suit Ella - she’s really happy with her home life. (DOMESTIC)

việc nội trợ

compulsive

Stefan was a ________________ collector of gadgets throughout his life. (COMPEL)

không ngừng (nonstop)

constraints

There were a number of ______________ built into the contract. (CONSTRAIN)

sự ràng buộc

occupants

The police tried to evict the three _____________ from the building. (OCCUPY)

người làm trong tòa nhà

vagaries

The ____________ of the weather made it difficult to plan our camping trip since we didn't know if it would be sunny or rainy over the weekend. VAGUE

sự chuyển biến thất thường

defalcation

The accountant was fired for the ____________ of millions of dollars from the company's pension fund over many years. FALCATE

sự tham ô

nightmarishly

The post-apocalyptic landscape was ____________ bleak, with abandoned buildings and debris strewn everywhere under a perpetually gloomy gray sky.

NIGHT

(một cách) khó chịu, rùng rợn (ác mộng)

soundbites

The politician’s catchy ____________ from his speech quickly spread across social media platforms. SOUND

câu/ cụm từ ngắn dễ nhớ (thường dùng trong bài phát biểu, báo đài, tv)

soul-destroying

The repetitive, mind-numbing factory work was ____________ for the employees. SOUL

hủy hoại tinh thần

self-contained

Despite living in a bustling city, John remained a(n) ____________ individual and preferred his own company rather than relying on others for support.

CONTAIN

độc lập, khép kín

offshoring

Many companies are moving jobs overseas through ____________ to reduce labour costs. SHORE

ngoài khơi (the practice of a company having work done in another country, often because costs are lower there)

nominally

The room was ____________ tidy with everything seemingly in its place, but closer inspection revealed layers of dust and grime. NAME

trên danh nghĩa

knowledge-intensive

The software industry relies heavily on ____________ positions like computer programmers and systems analysts to continue innovating. KNOW

kiến thức chuyên sâu

laggard

Despite being a(n) ____________ in the race initially, he managed to catch up and win the marathon. LAG

người chậm chạp

painkillers

The doctor prescribed strong ____________ to help manage the patient's chronic back pain. PAIN

excruciatingly

The wait for the exam results was ____________ long, which made the students anxious. CRUX

một cách khủng khiếp

bone-chilling

The ____________ wind howled through the trees and sent shivers down our spines. BONE

rất lạnh

scaremongering

The politician was accused of ____________ when he exaggerated the risks of the new policy in order to turn voters against it. SCARE

gây ra sự sợ hãi

wait-and-see

With the unpredictable weather this spring, many farmers are in a(n) ____________ situation regarding when to begin planting crops. WAIT

chờ đợi (not sure what to do and decides to wait before taking any action)

upskirting

Instances of ____________ have been increasing, but law enforcement frequently struggles to press charges because of unclear legislation. SKIRT

(the activity, illegal in some places, of taking a photograph or video from a position that allows someone to look up inside a woman's dress or skirt, without the woman's permission)

undying

Their ____________ love for each other was evident after decades of marriage.

DIE

bất diệt

read-through

The cast did their first ____________ of the new script last night to get familiar with the dialogue before rehearsals start. READ

buổi đọc thoại

match-fixing

The football player was banned from the sport for his involvement in ____________ during several championship games. MATCH

dàn xếp trận đấu (để thắng)

liability

He stubbornly refused to admit __________ for the accident. LIABLE

trách nhiệm pháp lý

fixation

There was a ____________ in her insistence that I didn’t like. FIX

sự ám ảnh, yêu thích

amateurishly

We are disappointed by her approaching this matter so _______. AMATEUR

1 cách thiếu kĩ năng

meanness

Your well-known ___________ is disgusting. MEAN

sự keo kiệt

cellist

He is a worldwide famous ________. CELLO

nghệ sĩ cello

abolition

Their supreme goal was the _____ of monarchy. ABOLISH

sự bãi bỏ

artful

The poet made __________ use of commonplace words. ART

khôn khéo

hastens

Artificial heating __________ the growth of plants. HASTE

làm nhanh

dullness

The ___________ of the landscape was depressing. DULL

sự chán ngắt

upheaval

He knew that the ______ spelt disaster for people like him. UPHEAVE

thay đổi lớn

conception

The project, brilliant in its ________, failed because of lack of funds. CONCEIVE

khái niệm

amoral

He is a totally __________ person who deliberately defies all standards. MORAL

phi luân lý

principality

The _____ of Monaco lies in southern Europe. PRINCE

chức vương

bewitch

They say that her beauty could ________ almost anybody. WITCH

thu hút; ảnh hưởng

impoverished

This period of mass unemployment has _________ many families. POVERTY

làm bần cùng

weather-beaten

He was a poor old man, down and out, with many wrinkles on his _________ face. WEATHER

sạm nắng

confrontational

His _______ style has resulted in a number of controversial incidents. FRONT

gây tranh cãi

contemporaneously

For consistency, all products were tested and laboratory analysis was completed ________. TEMPORAL

đồng thời

nonlinear

Climate systems are although clynic, they are chaotic and _________. LINE
phi tuyến

notwithstanding

Injuries _________, he won the semi-final match. WITHSTAND

backlog

Demand has been so feverish that the company has a(n) __________ of unfilled orders for commercial satellites. LOG

số lượng tồn đọng

outlived

Arnold died in 1953. His wife, who _______ him by almost half a century passed away on the last day of millennium. LIVE

sống nhiều hơn