Morality Final Exam Review

Flashcards to help study for the final exam

What are three things true about human dignity?

Inherent, inviolable, and inalienable

Describe Intellect

As rational beings we are able to think and reason in many ways. We can figure things out, investigate things, ponder, reflect, master our environment, pass on our knowledge, and seek and discover the truth

Describe Free Will

You have the capacity to make choices among alternatives.

Describe Love

Choosing to do good for others even to the point of self-sacrifice is love

What is infallibility?

A gift of the Holy Spirit whereby the pope and bishops in union with him can definitively proclaim a doctrine of faith or morals for the belief of the faithful

What are the three sources of morality?

Human reason (your God-given intellect), Human experience (the collective wisdom of others, living and dead), and Divine Revelation (the teachings of God as found in Sacred Scripture and the Sacred Tradition of the Church)

Describe how God is relational and communal

God is personal to each of us but he is also the overseer of the entire community/universe

What is the Paschal Mystery?

The saving love of God most fully revealed in life and especially the Passion, Death, Resurrection, and Ascension of Jesus Christ

Does intention ever justify the means?

No.

What does STOP stand for? What do each of them mean?

S- Search out the facts, T- Think about alternatives and consequences, O- Others can help you make good choices, P- Pray always for guidance

Explain moral relativism

Any doctrine or belief that denies the existence of absolute, universal moral truths

On what is Civil Law based? What is unjust law?

Civil Law is based on legislation from societies. Unjust law is when civil laws violate natural law and no longer retain the character of law.

Name the 5 laws of the Church.

1. You shall attend Mass on Sundays and on holy days of obligation and rest from servile labor

2. You shall confess your sins at least once a year

3. You shall receive the Sacrament of the Eucharist at least during the Easter season

4. You shall observe the days of fasting and abstinence established by the Church

5. 5. You shall help to provide for the needs of the Church

How do good laws support morality?

Good law protects people from actions that would hurt them or others. Rooted in divine law, good law guides a person’s actions and provides the foundation for moral behavior

Beatitudes the blueprint of life from Jesus what does that mean?

The Beatitudes were given in the Sermon on the Mount by Jesus. They are the model and example for how you are to live your own moral life. God made you to know , love, and serve him so that you might attain eternal life.

What is the Golden Rule?

“Do to others whatever you would have them do to you.”

What are the Corporal Works of Mercy?

Charitable actions that are centered around caring for the physical needs of others/ They include feeding the hungry, clothing the naked, visiting the sick and imprisoned, sheltering the homeless, and burying the dead.

Be able to name 3 of the 6 forms of prayer

Thanksgiving, Petition, Intercession, Blessing, Adoration, Praise

How would you describe the term ‘character’? How does one develop it?

Character is how you respond to God’s invitation to love God, self, and neighbor. Character is your yes or no response to God’s invitation to friendship. Character is also who you are now and who you are becoming through youtube choices and actions. As we choose to do different things in life, our character is strengthened and/or weakened.

What are the virtues? Theological? Cardinal?

Virtues are the heart of the moral life and the building blocks of good character. Theological virtues are faith, hope, and love and are not earned by human efforts. Cardinal virtues are prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance. They can be gained through human effort.

What is true discipleship?

A complete lifelong dedication to Christ…

Name 6 things that do NOT help form conscience.

Not a majority opinion, Not a feeling, Not Superego, Not a “gut instinct.”, Not “Jiminy Cricket.”, Not just guilt.

How does a person develop a good conscience? (SEER)

Study the Facts, Elect Your Course of Action, Execute the Action, Review Your Decision.

What is peer pressure?

Peer pressure is to go along with the beliefs and actions of others. positive or negative

Be able to define what sin is…

An offense against reason, truth, and right conscience. A failure in genuine love for God and his neighbor caused by a perverse attachment to certain goods. An utterance, a deed, or desire contrary to the eternal law.

What are the Causes of sin?

everyday Actions, widespread dishonesty, hate and prejudice, greed, excess consumerism, and violence.

What makes a sin a serious, mortal sin, and how can you correct that?

You sin mortally if you freely choose to do something that contradicts the love of God in a serious way or terminates love food neighbor. Also if it meets these three conditions, grave matter, full knowledge, and complete consent.

Know what sins of OMISSION are…

a failure to act when you should

Decalogue

“ten words,” another name for Ten Commandments

Covenant

a sacred promise

Exodus

“Deliverance” Jews left Egypt.

Idolatry

Placing any person or object at the level of or higher than God; worshiping idols

Atheism

Total disbelief in God

Materialism

Asserts that the physical, material world is the only reality and denies any spiritual reality

What is self-esteem?

A sense of happiness and contentment about who you are as a human being.

Euthanasia

Any action or omission which itself and by intention causes death, with purpose of eliminating all suffering

Excuses for missing Mass? Why are they weak?

“Mass is boring” Lots of things we do in life can be boring but also essential to our welfare and the welfare of others. 

“I don’t get anything out of Mass.” There is no more precious gift than receiving the Lord himself in Holy Communion. 

“I see so many hypocrites at Mass” Hypocrites are at mass, but if hypocrites mean sinners then we all are. 

“I can worship God just as well anywhere, especially in nature.”Jesus told us to gather in his name, though we can worship him anywhere. The Holy Eucharist at Mass is the best possible way.

Genocide

The mass extermination of a people, nation, or ethnic minority.

Terrorism

A type of war waged on innocent people to gain some political or other advantage.

Capital punishment

Death penalty

Purity

Being pure. Can help to fend against lust. Related to the cardinal virtue of temperance.

Perjury

Telling lies within court

Avariance

The passionate desire for riches and the power that comes from them

Greed

The desire to accumulate unlimited goods

Modesty

The virtue associated with temperance that applies to how a person speaks, dresses, and conducts himself or herself. Related to the virtue of purity, modesty protects the intimate center of a person by refusing to unveil what should remain hidden

What is justice?

An essential virtue that leads you to give to God and your neighbors what is due to them.

Commutative Justice

Regulates relationships of exchange, usually between individuals but also within and among businesses and communities

Distributive Justice

Concerns the fair distribution of goods to everyone in society

Legal Justice

Governs what individuals owe a society as a whole

Social Justice

The form of justice that applies the Gospel message of Jesus Christ to the structures, systems, and laws of society in order to protect the dignity of persons and guarantee the rights of individuals

Know 5 of the 9 guides to a moral life

1. Appreciate the gift of being human

2. Use your intellect

3. Look to law to guide your freedom

4. Imitate Jesus

5. Form, inform, an obey your conscience

6. Repent and seek forgiveness when you sin

7. Love God above all

8. Love yourself

9. Love your neighbor

Moral Accountability in time of war

The Church promotes the peaceful settlement of disputes. These conditions of the “just war” doctrine must be met in order to establish a war’s legitimacy:

• An aggressor must be inflicting lasting, grave, and certain damage on a nation or community. Violation of human rights, killing of innocents, or prompting a nation’s need to defend itself 

• War must be a last resort. All peaceful alternatives must have been attempted and failed

• There must be a reasonable chance for success to weigh against the human cost of war

• Armed conflict must not create worse evil than the evil to be eliminated. Military damage must be proportional to the good expected

How does one maintain self-esteem through life?

Pray for the gift of faith to know that God loves you unconditionally. Meditate on the crucifix. Apologize to anyone you have offended. Celebrate forgiveness in the Sacrament of Penance. Spend time with people who accept you for who you are. Practice the virtue of humility.