Nuclear fission reactors

What are the three main components of a modern nuclear reactor?

Nuclear fuel (U-235), control rods (neutron-absorbing materials like boron or cadmium), and coolant (usually water) to transfer heat.

How do control rods function in a nuclear reactor?

Control rods absorb excess neutrons to regulate the chain reaction, preventing it from becoming too fast or uncontrolled.

What is the purpose of the coolant in a nuclear reactor?

The coolant absorbs the heat produced by fission and transfers it to a secondary system where it can generate steam to drive turbines.

How is electricity generated in a nuclear fission reactor?

The heat from nuclear fission boils water in a secondary loop, creating steam that drives a turbine connected to a generator, producing electricity.

Why are two separate water systems used in nuclear reactors?

To ensure that radioactive water in the reactor core does not come into contact with the turbine, preventing contamination.

Why can’t a nuclear reactor explode like a nuclear bomb?

The concentration of U-235 in a reactor is much lower (around 3%) than in a nuclear bomb, so the conditions for an explosive chain reaction do not exist.