Lecture Notes on Computer Systems and Programming

These flashcards cover essential concepts related to computer systems, assembly language programming, and device drivers.

Computing Environment

The setting in which computing activities take place, including traditional, mobile, distributed, client-server, peer-to-peer, and cloud computing.

Instruction Set

A set of commands for a CPU in machine language, used in assembly programming.

Mnemonics

Symbolic names for low-level operations in assembly language that are easier for programmers to understand.

Device Drivers

System software that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware devices.

Memory Management

The process of managing a computer's primary memory and allocation of memory blocks to various applications.

Assembler

A program that translates assembly language code into machine code.

Linker

A tool that combines object files into a single executable program.

Loader

The part of a computer system that loads a program into memory for execution.

Filter Driver

A type of device driver that intercepts and modifies data flowing between the operating system and hardware devices.

Stack

A data structure that stores a collection of elements, with operations to add and remove elements in a last-in, first-out manner.

Registers

Small storage locations in the CPU used for high-speed data access during program execution.