Old and New Testament Overview Part 1

Flashcards covering key concepts and vocabulary related to Old and New Testament topics as outlined in the lecture notes.

Bible

Ta biblia - Greek word meaning 'the books'.

YHWH

The name of the Hebrew God, translated as either Yahweh or Jehovah.

Tanakh

The Hebrew Bible, consisting of the Torah (Pentateuch), Prophets, and Sacred Writings.

Canonical Gospels

The four Gospels of the New Testament: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.

Biblical canon

A list of books considered to be authoritative to a certain group.

Synoptic Gospels

The Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke that share a similar point of view.

Septuagint

The Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.

Allegorical interpretation

Reading the Bible as a symbolic text rather than a literal one.

Fall of Man

The event where humanity loses divine favor due to sin.

Original Sin

The Christian doctrine that humanity inherits a sinful nature due to the Fall.

Messiah

A savior figure who will provide salvation, as prophesied in the Bible, notably Jesus in Christianity.

Beatitude

Each statement of blessing found in the Sermon on the Mount.

Christ Pantocrator

An iconic image representing Jesus as the all-powerful ruler.

Ichthus

An early Christian symbol meaning 'fish', representing Jesus.

Caesaropapism

The political-religious system wherein the head of state is also the head of the church.

Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus

A sarcophagus with religious relief carvings depicting biblical scenes.

Byzantine churches

Places of worship during the Byzantine Empire, characterized by their architectural style and artwork.

Easter Sunday

The day on which Christians celebrate the resurrection of Jesus.

Gospel Side

The side of the church where readings from the Gospels are performed.

Epistle Side

The side of the church designated for readings from the Epistles.

What is the circle above Jesus’ head in paintings?

A nimbus

Who are the Evangelists?

Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.

Who does the winged man represent?

Matthew (reason)

Who does the winged lion represent?

Mark (bravery)

Who does the winged ox represent?

Luke (hard work and sacrifice)

Who does the eagle represent?

John (the soul’s flight to Heaven)