chem test 1

gas

density: low
shape: indefinite
volume: indefinite
strength of IMF: weak

liquid

density: high
shape: indefinite
volume: definite
strength of IMF: moderate

solid

density: high
shape: definite
volume: definite
strength of IMF: strong

properties of gas

large amount of space between particles, compressible, complete freedom of motion and not held tgt

properties of liquid

closely packed, incompressible, some ability to move

properties of solid

closely packed, incompressible, fixed position

surface tension

strong imf= high surface tension

viscosity

strong imf = high viscosity

boiling point

strong imf = high bp

melting point

strong imf = high mp

vapor pressure

strong imf = low vp

volatility

strong imf = low volatility

melting/fusion

s → l endo

freezing

s → l exo

vaporization/boiling

l → g endo

condensation

g → l exo

sublimation

s → g endo

deposition

g → s exo

vaporization rates

large surface area, high temp, weak attractive forces = faster rate of evapo

supercritical fluid

Properties of both gas and liquid states

ionic bond

-intramolecular

-metal + nonmetal

covalent bond

-intramolecular

-2 nonmetals

molecular solids

-held together by IMF forces

-weak attractive forces, low melting/boiling point

ionic solids

-held together by ionic forces

-high melting point

metallic atomic solid

-contains metal

nonbonding atomic solid

-contains noble gas, held together by LDF

covalent network atomic solid/networking atomic solid

-contains covalent bonds