CHAPTER 1: Information Technology in Everyday Life

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Computers are everywhere.

Computer

It is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory.

Collects data (input)
Processing
Produces information (output)

Enumerate the three (3) main steps in the information processing cycle of a computer

Hardware

These are electric, electronic, and mechanical components of a computer.

Input device

COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER. It allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer.

Output device

COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER. It is a hardware component that conveys information to one or more people.

System unit

COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER. It is a case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data.

Storage device

COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER. It holds data, instructions, and information for future use.

Communications device

COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER. It enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices.

Speed, reliability, consistency, storage, communications

What are the five (5) advantages of using computers mentioned in the module?

Violation of privacy
Public safety
Impact on labor force
Health risks
Impact on environment

What are the five (5) disadvantages of using computers mentioned in the module?

Information technology

It is the technology used to store, manipulate, distribute, or create information.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Gaining knowledge through information is the role of information technology in today’s informed world.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Life has become much less manual and hassle-free for people worldwide that have active access to the innovations of information technology.

Information technology

It refers to any development that mainly involves computer-based information systems comprising of software applications and the computer hardware.

Communication, accessibility

Information technology in the modern day and age has a lot to do with ____ and ____ which is mostly why the use of technology (computers) is associated with information.

Communication

It covers a huge part of what information technology is for the people of the modern age.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. When we think of accessibility and an easy life, we automatically point towards technological innovations such as the Internet, mobile phones, and a thousand other inventions.

Internet

It is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.

Communicate
Research and Access Information
Shop
Bank and Invest
Online Trading

People use the Internet for a variety of reasons. Enumerate at least five (5) of these reasons mentioned in the module:

True

TRUE OR FALSE. There are thousands and thousands of cyber intrusions each day, which have ended up unfavorably affecting people's lives.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Our ancestors were using different kinds of apparatus then to convey information to its recipient. Some make fire to produce smoke signals, and other use pens and paper to transport data to different places.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. It has been a long time since we have been confronted by the importance of information technology; the only difference is how advanced it is today in terms of usability.

Information technology

It permits us to gather, handle, and interconnect a gigantic volume of information.

False

(Explanation: Information technology is more than a combination of computers and communication technology. It has successfully infiltrated human existences, occupying the biggest part of every lifestyle.)

TRUE OR FALSE. Information technology is about computers.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. One generalized advantages of information technology for society is that the world is brought closer, and the world’s economy is quickly becoming a single interdependent system.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Communication has become an easier, cheaper, and faster system with the help of information technology.

False

(Barriers of linguistic and geographic boundaries can be torn down as people share ideas and information with each other.)

TRUE OR FALSE. Because of information technology, barriers of linguistic and geographic boundaries have become even stricter because of cyberconflict.

Skype

It is an application that allows users to communicate using video conferencing.

Social networking website

It encourages members to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users.

Online social network

A social networking website is also called an ____.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Information technology has also led a rise in unemployment. By streamlining the business process, job redundancies, downsizing, and outsourcing has occurred.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. One of the disadvantages of information technology is that it facilitates the lack of job security. As new technology is released and jobs require more training, it is important for employees to stay in a learning mode to keep their job.

Information technology

It is a set of tools that can help provide the right people with the right information at the right time.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Innovation is the great way to success in this digital age.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. The path of innovation in business means doing something different, smarter, or better that will make a positive difference in terms of value, quality, or productivity by using emerging or proved technologies of the world.

Online shopping
Digital marketing
Social networking
Digital communication
Cloud computing

Enumerate the (5) best examples of change which came through the wave of information technology mentioned in the module.

False

(Explanation: It cannot be achieved.)

TRUE OR FALSE. Accurate business planning, effective marketing, global sales, systematic management, real time monitoring, instant customer support, and long term business growth can still be achieved at the optimum level without IT.

Accurate analysis
Choosing the right technology
Future vision

The success of every business depends on certain factors. Some of which are the following (3):

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Information technology is the only technology that provides you the opportunity to analyze specific data and plan your business journey accordingly.

Digital marketing

It is considered a great tool which lets business owners promote their products or services to the global market while sitting in the comfort of their remote office or home.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Speed and accuracy are at the heart of making the right decisions for a business.

Big data, Google Analytics, Microsoft CRM Dynamics

These are great tools to extract useful information which can impact on decision making. These online tools not only provide real time responses from the potential audience but also ensure the accuracy of data by minimizing the risk of human errors.

Marketing

The heart of the business success lies in its ____ which enables the management to identify its target audience first and then observe their trends and needs.

Public relation, advertising, promotion, and sales

The overall marketing covers ____, ____, ____, and ____ which subsequently impact on business growth.

Digital marketing

It is a modern phenomenon which let you promote your products or services all over the world.

Digital marketing

It is a broad term which includes many concepts like search engine optimization (SEO), pay per click (PPC), blogging, discussion forums, email shot, SMS, MMS, social media marketing, and smartphone app advertisement, etc.

Search engine optimization

Define SEO.

Pay per click

Define PPC.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Business success depends on knowing its customers’ needs, trends, behaviors, and satisfaction level.

Higher level of customer satisfaction

(Additional information: Effective communication is the best tool to understand the customer demands, problems, and their solutions.)

It is the key to success which cannot be achieved without a real-time customer support process.

Email
Webinar
Social media

Enumerate at least three (3) channels that information technology provides to communicate with a customer.

Customer relationship management (CRM) systems

Enterprise organizations normally use ____ to hold valuable data for understanding customer behaviors and future needs.

Customer relationship management

Define CRM.

Cloud-based Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

It is a software program created for managers so that they can manage or monitor their organizational resources virtually anywhere in the world by using their personal computer, laptops, tablets, or smartphones.

Enterprise Resource Planning

Define ERP.

Communications
Inventory management
Data management
Management information systems
Customer relationship management

Enumerate the five (5) roles of information technology in the modern organization.

Email

(Additional information: The following are other means of communication in a company: live chat systems, online meeting tools, video-conferencing systems, voice over internet protocol, telephones, and smartphones.)

ROLES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE MODERN ORGANIZATION. For many companies, it is considered the principal means of communication between employees, suppliers, and customers.

Voice-over internet protocol

Define VOIP.

Inventory management systems

ROLES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE MODERN ORGANIZATION. These track the quantity of each item in a company maintains, triggering an order of additional stock when the quantities fall below a determined amount.

POS system

ROLES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE MODERN ORGANIZATION. It is a system that ensures that each time an item is sold, one item is removed from the inventory count, creating a closed information loop between all departments.

Management Information Systems (MIS)

ROLES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE MODERN ORGANIZATION. This enable companies to track sales data, expenses, and productivity levels.

Management Information Systems (MIS)

ROLES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE MODERN ORGANIZATION. This enable companies to assist managers track sales on a daily basis, allowing them to immediately react to lower-than-expected numbers by boosting employee productivity or reducing the cost of an item.

Management Information Systems (MIS)

Define MIS.

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems

ROLES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE MODERN ORGANIZATION. These capture every interaction a company has with a customer, so that a more enriching experience is possible.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Advancement of information technology in education has greatly improved research. An example is the online libraries that assist teachers and students with comprehensive reading materials.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. For children with disabilities, information technology in education has brought gadgets to help them with learning.

Health information technology (HIT)

It is the application of information processing involving both computer hardware and software that deals with the storage, retrieval, sharing, and use of health care information, data, and knowledge for communication and decision making.

Health information technology

Define HIT.

Health information technology (HIT)

It represents computers and communications attributes that can be networked to build systems for moving health information.

Gustav Wagner

He established the first professional organization for health informatics in Germany in 1949.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Worldwide use of computer technology in medicine began in the early 1950s with the rise of the computers.

Health informatics

It is also called as health information systems.

Health informatics

It is a discipline at the intersection of information science, computer science, and health care.

Health informatics

It concerns with the resources, devices, and methods required for optimizing the acquisition, storage, retrieval, and use of information in health and biomedicine.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Health informatics tools include computers, clinical guidelines, formal medical terminologies, and information and communication systems.

Nursing
Clinical care
Dentistry
Pharmacy
Public health
Occupational therapy, and (bio) medical research

Health informatics is applied to the following six (6) areas:

Computer assisted learning (CAL)
Virtual reality
Human patient simulators

Information technology can assist medical education in various ways such as in college networks and internet. Examples of these are the following:

Computer-assisted learning

Define CAL.

Advance Life Support simulators
Haptics simulators

These simulators are used in medical education to develop various clinical skills such as ECG interpretation, appropriate intervention such as ABC, drugs, injections, and defibrillation without working on a real patient.

Advanced Life Support Simulators

Define ACLS.

Computerized axial tomography (CAT)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

These are used by doctors to create detailed images of your organs along with creating images that show changes in your body chemistry and blood flow. Furthermore, these tools are helpful to find illnesses that aren’t found with blood tests or other medical tests.

Computerized Axial Tomography

Define CAT.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Define MRI.

Enterprise resource planning
Faster flow of information
Customized reporting
Collaboration
Better forecasting

Enumerate the five (5) roles of information technology in finance mentioned in the module.

Enterprise resource planning

It generates financial reports such as income statements and cash flow statements. It also allows small business owners to save accounting time and have management reports available on a timelier basis.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Information technology systems allow a company to link up every department within the company. The information generated by the manufacturing, marketing, and finance divisions can be shared and made available in real-time.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Computer-based trading is only useful when a trader has a system that allows profitable trading and does not want to enter each order individually.

True

TRUE OR FALSE. Information technology provides instant information for stock traders to make decisions, and allows them to enter orders that are immediately executed.

Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL)

It is a language used to standardize the financial information in public companies’ annual reports.

Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL)

Define XBRL.

E-banking

This enables the bank to deliver its services easily to its high end customers.

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

This software is used to transmit business transaction in a computer readable form so the client on the other end will be in position to read the information clearly.

Electronic Data Interchange

Define EDI.

Plastic money

Credit cards or smart cards are considered ____.

Signature retrieval facilities

Banks use this technology which verifies signatures before a customer withdraws large sums of money on a specific account and this, in turn, reduces the errors or risks which might arise due to forgery.

Computer communications

(Additional information: Sending device - Communications channel - Receiving device)

It describes a process in which two or more computers or devices transfer, data, instructions, and information.

Wireless internet access points

USES OF COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS. These allow people to connect wirelessly to the Internet from home, work, school, and in many public locations.

Cybercafe

USES OF COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS. It is a coffeehouse, restaurant, or other location that provides personal computers with internet access to its customers.

Global positioning system (GPS)

It is a navigation system that consists of one or more earth-based receivers that accept and analyze signals sent by satellites in order to determine the GPS receiver’s geographic location.