U.S. History EOC Review Flashcards

Flashcards from U.S. History, 1850-present EOC Assessment

What was the significance of the Dred Scott decision?

The Supreme Court overruled attempts by Congress to limit the spread of slavery.

What was the main reason for fighting in Florida during the Civil War?

The Union army wanted to prevent cattle and crops in Florida from reaching Confederate troops.

How did President Andrew Johnson's views on Reconstruction differ from those of Congress?

President Johnson accepted Southern 'Black Codes,' while Congress overturned them with a Civil Rights Bill prohibiting racial discrimination.

How did the 'Black Codes' of 1865-1866 differ from the 'Jim Crow' laws of the 1880s and 1890s?

Black Codes prohibited freedmen from traveling freely, serving on juries or exercising civil rights; Jim Crow laws required racial segregation.

What was the primary object behind the U.S. policy that led to the conflict depicted in the painting of the Battle of Little Bighorn?

To force American Indian tribes on the Great Plains to live on reservations

Which was NOT one of the ways in which 19th-century settlers dealt with the challenges of farming on the Great Plains?

They relied on irrigation from nearby lakes for water.

How did the inventions of Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Alva Edison affect the United States economy?

They created a new demand for electricity.

Which American inventor became a millionaire by developing new hair-care and cosmetic products for African-American women?

Madam C.J. Walker

How did Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, J. P. Morgan, and Henry Ford help to transform the American economy?

They created new industries requiring large investments, which resulted in cheaper products.

Which statement best describes the American labor movement in the late 19th century?

Workers organized their own labor unions against harsh conditions despite public hostility.

Which ideology favored self-governing communities over organized government?

Anarchism

What is the view of the cartoonist about the power of Tammany Hall in New York City?

Tammany Hall maintained its power by falsifying vote counts in elections.

Why did the population of Chinese Americans decrease, when the populations of many other ethnic groups were increasing?

Congressional legislation in the 1880s banned any further immigration of workers from China.

Why did Bryan's rural supporters believe that the gold standard was oppressive?

They believed that a policy of bimetallism would lead crop prices to rise, making farm debts less burdensome.

Which federal law was passed in reaction to Upton Sinclair's description in The Jungle?

Meat Inspection Act

What was the goal of the Sherman Antitrust Act?

To maintain fair competition and to halt unfair practices damaging to consumers and competitors

Which Progressive President was responsible for the achievements in conservation policy?

Theodore Roosevelt

Which new technique for selling newspapers contributed to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War?

Yellow journalism

How did the explosion of the Maine contribute to the United States' entry into the Spanish-American War?

It became difficult for President McKinley to resist demands to intervene in Cuba.

Which argument did American imperialists make in favor of these annexations?

These territories would provide good coaling stations for trade with East Asia.

Which policy is described in President Theodore Roosevelt's message to Congress in 1905?

Roosevelt Corollary

Why did the use of unrestricted submarine warfare in the Atlantic by Germany enrage American public opinion?

Submarines attacked without warning and did not have enough room to take on survivors.

Which sentence best explains the conditions shown in the photograph of infantry soldiers in France during World War I?

The use of machine guns made it difficult for soldiers to advance across open fields.

What action was taken in consequence of the Supreme Court decision in Schenck v. United States (1919)?

Charles Schenck was imprisoned for distributing thousands of leaflets urging young men to resist the draft.

Which federal agency is correctly paired with its achievements during World War I (1917-1919)?

Food Administration sponsored Victory Gardens, rationed food, and distributed ration coupons

What was a consequence of Article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles?

Germany was required to pay reparations to the Allied powers.

Which phrase best completes the diagram detailing events including the Bolsheviks taking over in Soviet Union and the Palmer Raids?

Red Scare

What was the goal of the Washington Naval Conference, the Geneva Disarmament Conference and the Kellogg-Briand Pact?

To achieve lasting peace without the League of Nations

Which phrase best completes the diagram listing factors of the Economic Prosperity of the 1920s?

The spread of radio and automobiles

Why are the Twenties often considered to have been a turning point for American women?

Women were guaranteed the right to vote, wore less restrictive clothing, and enjoyed increased employment opportunities.

Based on these excerpts, in what way are the views of Du Bois and Locke similar?

Both looked to the efforts of talented African Americans to overcome racial prejudice.

Which event contributed to the changes from the time of the political cartoon to the conditions shown in the photograph?

The Stock Market Crash

What was one effect of the dust storm and similar events across the Great Plains in the 1930s?

Mass migration to California and other states

How did President Franklin D. Roosevelt's response to the Depression differ from Herbert Hoover's?

Roosevelt believed direct relief was needed to restore demand

Which New Deal agency helped businesses draw up their own voluntary codes of fair practice, but was later held to be unconstitutional by the Supreme Court?

National Recovery Administration

Which conditions are identified in the list including migration, rationing, and increased employment?

Domestic effects of World War II

Which statement best explains the Allied victory over Germany in World War II?

The Soviets had a larger army, Americans manufactured more weapons, and Germany faced a war on several fronts.

Based on the excerpt, where were these accusations made?

Nuremberg Trials

Which international organization with peacekeeping forces was founded in 1945 after World War II?

United Nations

Which event was Truman referring to in this speech?

The threat of a Communist takeover in Greece or Turkey

What would be the most appropriate title for this timeline?

The Cold War Creates an Atmosphere of Suspicion at Home

Which situation was President Kennedy addressing?

The building of the Berlin Wall to separate East and West Berlin.

What was the significance of the Cuban Missile Crisis?

The world came close to a nuclear war.

On what grounds did the Supreme Court rule that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional in Brown v. Board of Education?

Segregated schools were by their nature unequal because they gave African-American children a sense of inferiority.

Which steps did Dr. King advocate African Americans should take to end those conditions they could no longer endure?

Engaging in marches, boycotts, and non-violent civil disobedience

Which organizations favored independent actions by African Americans to improve their conditions without collaborating with sympathetic members of other races?

Black Panthers and SNCC after 1967

Which of the following was an important gain for women in the 1970s?

Passage of the Equal Opportunity in Education Act, known as Title IX

Which belief prompted American leaders to enter into the Vietnam War?

They feared if South Vietnam fell to Communists, other countries in Southeast Asia would also do so.

Which argument was raised by domestic critics of the Vietnam War?

The U.S. government had misrepresented facts about the war to the American public.

What was the primary goal of President Nixon's policy of détente?

To decrease tensions with the Soviet Union

Which leader proposed unionization as an answer for migrant farm workers?

Cesar Chavez

Which law would have been favored by Speaker 1 but opposed by Speaker 2 regarding immigration policy?

Immigration Act of 1965

How was Florida affected by the invention of air conditioning, the construction of highways, and the expansion of jet travel?

Tourism and the migration of retirees from other states to Florida greatly increased.

Why was the Department of Homeland Security formed?

To coordinate federal agencies in the fight against terrorism