Resl Ap Hug

Borchert’s Transportation Model

Dispersed rural settlements

Market Area/Hinterland

Settlement

City

Ecumene

Primate City

Service

City-state

Enclosure Movement

Range

Threshold

Central Place Theory

Gravity Model

Rank-Size Rule

Urban Hearth

Central Business District

Higher-order services

Site

Urbanization

Clustered rural settlements

Lower-order services

Situation

Urban Hierarchy

Supplemental Vocabulary Terms

• Air and water quality- The scale of unusable to useable water and air in an area of a city. The water quality depends on the source and how it travels to the area in which it is disposed for use by an individual.

• Bid-rent theory- geographical economic theory that refers to how the price and demand on real estate changes as the distance towards the Central Business District (CBD) increases. The closer land is to the CBD, the more competition there will be for the land, since businesses wish to maximize profit.

• Counterurbanization- the process of people moving away from urban areas to smaller settlements and rural areas.

• Ecological footprint- the impact of a person or community on the environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources.

• Farmland protection policies- policies enacted by governments that protect farmland and prevent it from being sold into other use. Uses zoning to identify areas of agricultural land use.

• Infilling- building on empty parcels of land within a checkerboard pattern of development

• infrastructure- the underlying framework of services and amenities needed to facilitate productive activity.

• Linear settlement patterns- linear rural settlements comprise buildings clustered along a road, river, or dike to facilitate communications

• Long lot survey- distinct regional approach to land surveying found in the Canadian Maritimes, parts of Quebec, Louisiana, and Texas whereby land is divided into narrow parcels stretching back from rivers, roads, or canals

• Low density housing- there is a smaller density of dwellings per unit area of property. ex. acre

You will find less congestion and more privacy

• Medium density housing- this could be a subdivision or urban neighborhood

• High density housing- the highest density of residents per unit area of land. ex. condos

This is nosiest and most congested area

• Metes and bounds system- A system of land surveying east of the Appalachian Mountains. It is a system that relies on descriptions of land ownership and natural features such as streams or trees. Because of the imprecise nature of metes and bounds surveying, the U.S. Land Office Survey abandoned the technique in favor of the rectangular survey system.

• Reurbanization- movement of people back into an area that has been previously abandoned. It is usually a government's initiative to counter the problem of inner city.

• Satellite City- when an established town near a very large city grows into a city independent of the larger one.

• Suburbanization- movement of upper and middle-class people from urban core areas to the surrounding outskirts to escape pollution as well as deteriorating social conditions.

• Sustainable design initiatives- sustainable design

communities use smart growth and green building to create neighborhoods that are economically thriving and environmentally responsible.

• Township and range system- A rectangular land division scheme designed by Thomas Jefferson to disperse settlers evenly across farmlands of the U.S. interior.