1. Measurements and Their Errors

If a result is ______ to the _____ value, it is accurate

close, true

Results are precise if results from the ______ of the experiment are close ______

repeats, together

The experiment is ______ if results can be taken ______.

repeatable, again

The experiment is ______ if someone else can conduct the experiment and get the _____ results

reproducible, same

An experiment is ____ if there is only one ______ variable affecting the data collected, and _____ variables are controlled.

valid, independent, control

If a measured value is multiplied by a scalar, then the _____ is also multiplied by that scalar.

Uncertainty 

• 10^-15 = ____

• 10^-12 = _____

• 10^-9 = nano

• 10 ^-6 = micro

• 10^-3 = milli

• 10^-2 = ____

• 10³ = kilo

• 10^6 = mega

• 10^9 = giga

• 10^12 = _____

femto, pico, centi, tera

SI Units

• mass : kilogram (kg)

• length : meter (m)

• time : second (s)

• ______ _______ : _______ (__)

• __________ : _______ (__)

• amount of substance : ______ (mol)

electrical current, ampere, A, Temperature, Kelvin, K, mole

• Random errors cause measurements to be ______ about the true value as results vary in an _________way. The effect of random errors can be reduced by taking more results and calculating a mean. 

• Systematic errors cause readings to be different from the true value by a ________value. A zero-error occurs when an instrument does not _____ _____ when it should. Systematic errors can be reduced by repeating an experiment with _____ ______ and/or ________ techniques. 

spread, unpredictable, consistent, read zero, different apparatus, measurement