Memory Processes and Models

Flashcards covering key concepts related to memory processing, encoding models, and types of memory.

Memory Encoding

Transforming physical sensory input into something that can be placed in memory.

Storage

Retaining encoded information in memory.

Retrieval

Gaining access to information in memory.

Short Term Memory (STM)

A memory type that lasts about 30 seconds.

Long Term Memory (LTM)

A memory type that lasts longer than 30 seconds, potentially up to a lifetime.

Sensory Memory

Initial stage of memory that briefly holds sensory information.

Effortful Processing

Encoding that requires attentive conscious effort.

Shallow Processing

Encoding with little to no effort.

Explicit Memories

Memories that can be consciously recalled.

Implicit Memories

Memories that are not consciously recalled.

Declarative Memory

Knowing that something is the case.

Nondeclarative Memory

Knowing how to perform tasks.

Multistore Model

A model of memory proposing three stages: sensory, short-term, and long-term.

Atkinson-Shiffrin Model

A specific multistore model outlining information flow through memory stages.

Craik and Tulving Experiment

Study demonstrating effects of encoding strategies on memory retention.