Organic Chemistry: Alkenes - Reactions and Synthesis

This set of flashcards covers key terms and concepts from the lecture on organic chemistry focusing on alkenes, their reactions, and synthesis processes.

Alkene

A hydrocarbon that contains a carbon-carbon double bond.

Dehydration reaction

A reaction that involves the loss of water to form a double bond.

Hydration

The addition of water to an alkene to form an alcohol.

Markovnikov's Rule

When HX adds to an alkene, H adds to the carbon with more hydrogens already attached.

Anti-Markovnikov addition

The addition of HX to an alkene where the halogen adds to the less substituted carbon.

Carbocation

A positively charged carbon atom that is stabilized by surrounding atoms.

Stereoselective reaction

A reaction that leads to the preferential formation of one stereoisomer over another.

Epoxide

A cyclic ether with a three-membered ring that is formed from an alkene.

Hydroboration

A reaction where borane adds to an alkene, resulting in syn addition of hydrogen and a boron atom.

Oxymercuration

A reaction that adds OH in a Markovnikov manner without carbocation rearrangement.

Simmons-Smith reaction

A method of preparing cyclopropanes using a carbenoid.

Oxidation

A reaction involving the addition of oxygen or the removal of hydrogen.

Halohydrin

A compound that results from the addition of a halogen and water to an alkene.

Hydrogenation

A reaction where hydrogen is added across a double bond, converting alkenes to alkanes.

Dihalide

A compound that contains two halogen atoms.

Regioselective reaction

A reaction that gives preference to the formation of one structural isomer over others.

Hydrolysis

A chemical reaction involving the breaking of a bond in a molecule using water.