long term and short term memory
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20 Terms
Encoding-LTM
semantic
duration-LTM
many years
evaluation of evidence for Bahrick et al
•ecological validity
•lacks population validity (only Americans)
capacity- LTM
potentially unlimited
•
Bahrick et al
Encoding-STM
•
Acoustically
•
Baddeley (1966)
peterson and Peterson evaluation of evidence
•3 seconds-90%
•9seconds-20%
•19 seconds- 2%
•lacks internal validity
•face validity- studies what it aims
•has been repeated many times with similar results
•lacks mundane realism
•lacks construct validity- doesn't really test memory
•Reitman found different results with sounds
•results due to research design
duration- STM
•30seconds
•peterson& Peterson
evaluation of capacity evidence (miller)
•
possible extraneous variables
•
very reliable- could be repeated
•
capacity could be over estimated
•
some evidence says that STM is moe limited cowen's research stated that 4 characters were remembered
•
larger chunks are harder to remember
•
individual difference
capacity-STM
•
5-9 chunks of information
•
miller-magic number 7
Peterson & Peterson (1956)
•
researched duration of short term memory
•
used consonant syllables such as BNT in their research
•
found that short term memory lasts 18 seconds
•
used counting backwards as way of preventing rehersal
Baddeley (1966)
•
researched coding in short term memory
•
found that words are encoded acoustically in short term memory
•
found that information was encoded semantically in long term memory
•
used word lists such as cat,mat,hat,chat in research on memory
Miller (1956)
•
researched capacity in short term memory
•
used he magical number 7 to describe capacity of long term memory
•
investigated chunking in short term memory
•
did some research to jacobs (1887)
duration
how long you can hold the information for
capacity
how much information you can hold
retrieval
how information is acessed
storage
how information is stored
coding
how information is recorded (e.g. semantically, visually, acoustically).
long term memory
storing vast quantities of information for long periods of time
short term memory
storing small amounts of information for brief periods
Memory
A cognitive process, involving encoding ,storage and retrieval of information
Note 
Flashcards (24)