LT 6.1 DNA Transcription & Translation

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11 Terms

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mRNA

transcribes a gene's genetic code from DNA, complementary to DNA. TRANSCRIBED in 5' to 3' direction. synthesis catalyzed by RNA Polymerase.

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Codon

3 nucleotide code for AA.

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rRNA

made of 2 subunits; small 30S & large 50S. Composed of nucleotides & proteins.

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tRNA

small, composed of nucleotides. Two binding sites: 1. Anticodon: complementary to codon on mRNA (H-bonds) 2. Binding site for Amino Acid: on 3' end; One per AA; (20+ types)

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Genetic Code

3 nucleotides in a row specify each amino acid. 4x4x4 = 64 possible base combinations to code for 20 AA.

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A site

Location for tRNA (transfer RNA) to bring in the appropriate Amino Acid.

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P site

Holds tRNA with growing protein chain.

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E site

where tRNA lets go of protein leaves to go find more of its amino acid.

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Degenerate Genetic Code

Genetic code has more than one codon/AA.

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Amino Acids

The building blocks specified by codons in the genetic code.

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Anticodon

Complementary to codon on mRNA (H-bonds).