GMO/ rDNA

Genetic Engineering

The process of altering genes in living organisms by transferring genes or DNA parts from one organism to another.

Transgenic Organisms

Organisms with altered genes for a specific purpose resulting from genetic engineering.

Escherichia coli

The first genetically modified organism in 1978, modified by transferring an insulin synthesis gene into it.

DNA Extraction

The initial step in Genetic Engineering, involving extracting DNA from an organism to work with DNA.

Gene Cloning

The process of separating the gene of interest and making copies of it by extracting all DNA from an organism.

Gene Design

Involves designing the gene to function in a different organism by cutting it apart and replacing gene regions.

Transformation

The process of altering the genotype (gene) to manifest a new phenotypic (physical) trait.

Backcross Breeding

Combining transgenic plants with elite breeding lines to create high-yielding transgenic lines through repeated crossing back to elite lines.

CRISPR

A technology used for editing genes by cutting DNA at specific locations to modify genetic information.

Flavr-Savr

Genetically engineered tomatoes with delayed ripening approved in 1992.

GMO mosquito

Sudden death mosquito

Guapple

Large sized guava

Fusarium wilt

Bananas resistant to disease