Music History Test 3

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characteristics of Renaissance music

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words and muisc: text painting or text depiction; grammar/structure effected music directly
texture: polyphonic (through imitation) or homorhythmic

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Petrucci

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developed polyphonic music printing

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42 Terms

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characteristics of Renaissance music

words and muisc: text painting or text depiction; grammar/structure effected music directly
texture: polyphonic (through imitation) or homorhythmic

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Petrucci

developed polyphonic music printing

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music printing

Harmonice Musices Odhecaton- the first book polyphonic music to be printed

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english music

spread to France; constant battle became to influence France with music

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Contenance angloise

"English Quality"; more chordal sounding

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Carol

kind of song that was in strophic with refrain form

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John Dunstable

developed technique of paraphrase

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Binchois

from Burgundy; composed secular chanson

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Guillaume DuFay

singer/composer/church official; degree in Cannon Law; spent most of career in Italy

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Isorhythmic Motet (DuFay)

Nuper Rosarum Flores; lower 2 voices are isorhythmic

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Fauxbourdon

when you take a chant melody and add harmony a 3rd below and. 4th above. (sounds like a series of inverted triads)

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Alternatim performance

when you alternate voices; plain chant in one verse, polyphonic chant in the next verse

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Types of Mass Cycles

Plainsong Mass- Oldest cycle; each movement uses as its base a corresponding chant (base your kyrie on Kyrie chant)

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motto mass/head motive

Each movement begins with same musical idea

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Cantus Firmus/Tenor

Each movement constructed around same melody placed in Tenor voice
Cantus Firmus- when you take a preexisting melody that is used as a base

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Parody Mass

Take a chunk of all the voices of a preexisting polyphonic work and make that the base of your mass

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Paraphrase Mass

paraphrase a chant melody and use it as the base for your mass

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Jean de Ockeghem

international famous composer; studied with DuFay and possibly Binchois; most famous for job at the French Royal Chapel; skilled at using intellectual devices such as canon

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Canon/Mensuration canon

Canon- rule or instruction for realizing several parts out of one that is noted
Mensuration canon- when you have a melody but you give it 2 or more different mensuration signs (Missa Prolationum ((most famous composition)))

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Heinrich Isaac

Internationally famous during his lifetime; worked for Lorenzo d'Medici

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Choralis Constantinus

contains (hundreds) motets settings of the proper text of the mass for the whole church year

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Josquin des Prez characteristics

structure of music is always related to the text; primary technique is imitation; extensive use of text depiction and borrowed material

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text depiction

reflecting images of the text in the music

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Josquin des Prez Motet

Ave Maria … virgo serena

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Josquin Prez Masses

Missa Pange lingua

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Martin Luther

Drew up a list of 95 topics to debate that he thought were wrong with the Catholic church (caused a split in the church); created his own church (reformation church); believed music was a gift from God and doctrine of ethos

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Chorale and Sources

Most significant contribution of the reformation to music was the development of the chorale.
Chorale: strophic hymn with a text and melody sung in unison.
Created from 4 sources: adaptations of Gregorian chant, german devotional songs, contrafactum, and chorales newly composed in style of popular songs (bar form)

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Contrafactum

secular songs, such as folk songs, were adapted by giving them new texts

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Styles of Chorale Settings

tenorlied style: melody in tenor with the other voices in counterpoint
Cantional style: melody in the soprano
Chorale motet: use a paraphrased chorale melody as the basis for your motet

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Metrical Psalms

translate into french, turn it into metrical poetry, sung by congregation, unaccompanied

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Psalter

books of metrical psalms that people could sing out of

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Great Service

Elaborate polyphony; contrapuntal and melismatic music; written for large settings and groups

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Short Service

Homorhythmic and syllabic music; Simpler and easier to sing

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Verse Anthem

Anthem with verse for soloists, choir, and sometimes instrumental ensembles

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Full Anthem

anthem for unaccompanied choir

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G.P da Palestrina Characteristics

long-breathed, easily singable melodies that move by steps or easy leaps; consonant sonorities w/ carefully controlled dissonance; equality of parts; use of familiar style, syllabic text setting, use of subsets of the total # of voices; subtle rhythmic variety based on textual accentuation

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T.L de Victoria

same characteristics as Palestrina, only difference is he used more chromatic harmonies; "went outside the mode more than Palestrina"; Parody Mass- Missa O Magnum Mysterium

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Orlando di Lasso

Most famous for composing over 700 sacred and secular motets; Characteristics- Text depiction was his most outstanding one, also known for expressive and tasteful music

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Franco-Flemish School

Characteristics- equality of voices, prevailing texture is imitative polyphony w/ overlapping cadences, careful dissonance treatment, most in duple meter, and # of values went 4/5/6

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Counter Reformation

efforts to address the problems addressed by Martin Luther

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Council of Trent

meeting of church leaders, discussed everything regarding the church including music

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Music (Council of Trent)

Abolished all but 4 sequences: Dies Irae, Abolishes secular/ profane influences, overall effect: confirmation of FF style/polyphony