Uterine Pathology

Posterior thickening of the myometrium is most often related to what?

Adenomyosis

Where is the fibroid located in the image?

Submucosal

-The fibroid indents or distorts the contour of the endometrium=submucosal

The diagnostic findings in the image are consistent with what pathologic process?

Adenomyosis

-The ultrasound findings are subtle in this case but some features are present. They myometrium is mildly heterogeneous with small cystic areas and there is thickening specifically in the posterior uterus. These are all features of adenomyosis

Which artifact is most likely seen with an IUD?

Reverberation

-As a highly reflecting object, an IUD usually shows a reverb artifact or posterior shadowing

What's the most common gynecological malignancy under the age of 50?

Cervical carcinoma

-KNOW THE MOST COMMONS!!!

What is documented in the image below?

Intrauterine device

-IUD are hyperechoic with reverberation artifact posteriorly. Some IUDs may also show posterior shadowing

Small myometrial cystic areas, thickening of the myometrium, abnormal bleeding, and dysmenorrhea all describe what condition?

Adenomyosis

-The clinical indicates a process like endometriosis or adenomyosis. The additional sonographic findings indicate that it is the myometrium leading to a diagnosis of adenomyosis

What clinical history best corresponds to a diagnosis of adenomyosis?

Dysmenorrhea

-Clinical history of adenomyosis includes dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, menorrhagia, multiparity

What is the most common benign mass of the cervix?

Nabothian cyst

-Mass does not necessarily mean tumor. It just means a focal structure that isn't normal

Where is the mass located in the image below?

Intramural

-This fibroid is found within the myometrium=intramural. It is not changing the outer contour of the uterus or the endometrium so it cannot be a "sub" fibroid