ABPSY Disorders

Mood Disorders: Bipolar I Disorder

Abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood: abnormally increased goal-directed activity or energy. CRITERIA: At least one manic episode (lasting at least 1 week). ONSET: 18 years.

Mood Disorders: Bipolar II Disorder

At least one hypomanic episode (4+ consecutive days) and at least one major depressive episode: no manic episode ever. CRITERIA: At least one hypomanic episode + at least one MDE: no manic episode. ONSET: Mid-20s.

Mood Disorders: Cyclothymic Disorder

Chronic fluctuation between hypomanic and depressive periods without meeting full criteria for mania, hypomania, or MDE. CRITERIA: At least 2 years of hypomanic and depressive periods: no full episode criteria met: not symptom-free for more than 2 months. ONSET: Early onset, often insidious.

Mood Disorders: Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

Severe recurrent temper outbursts grossly disproportionate to provocation: persistently irritable/angry mood. CRITERIA: Outbursts 3+ times/week for 12+ months in 2+ settings: onset before age 10: not diagnosed before age 6 or after 18. ONSET: Age < 10 years.

Mood Disorders: Major Depressive Disorder

Depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure: may include weight changes, insomnia, fatigue, worthlessness, or suicidal ideation. CRITERIA: 5+ symptoms during the same 2-week period: at least one is depressed mood or anhedonia. ONSET: Any age: increases markedly with puberty.

Mood Disorders: Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

Depressed mood for most of the day, for more days than not, for at least 2 years. CRITERIA: Depressed mood for 2+ years (1 year for children): never without symptoms for more than 2 months. ONSET: Early and insidious.

Mood Disorders: Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

Mood lability, irritability, and anxiety in the week before menses, improving within days after menses starts. CRITERIA: 5+ symptoms in most cycles: includes at least 1 of: mood swings, irritability, or depressed mood. ONSET: Any point after menarche.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Intellectual Disability

Deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning (conceptual, social, practical domains). CRITERIA: Intellectual deficits, adaptive deficits, and onset during the developmental period. ONSET: Developmental period (Mild: school age: Severe: first 2 years).

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Global Developmental Delay

Failure to meet expected milestones in several areas of intellectual functioning. CRITERIA: For children under age 5 when clinical severity cannot be reliably assessed. ONSET: Under age 5.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Language Disorder

Persistent difficulties in the acquisition and use of language (vocabulary, sentence structure, discourse). CRITERIA: Deficits in comprehension or production not due to hearing impairment. ONSET: Early developmental period (~4 years).

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Speech Sound Disorder

Persistent difficulty with speech sound production that interferes with intelligibility or verbal communication. CRITERIA: Determined by assessment relative to age norms. ONSET: Early developmental period.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Childhood-Onset Fluency Disorder (Stuttering)

Disturbances in normal fluency and time patterning of speech (repititions, prolongations, broken words). CRITERIA: Frequent and marked occurrences of fluency disturbances. ONSET: Ages 2–7 years.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder

Difficulties in the social use of verbal/nonverbal communication (matching context, following rules for conversation). CRITERIA: Deficits in all 4 areas of social communication: not explained by low cognitive ability. ONSET: Ages 4–5 years.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Deficits in social communication/interaction and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior or interests. CRITERIA: Deficits in social reciprocity, nonverbal behavior, and relationships: plus restricted/repetitive behaviors. ONSET: Early developmental period (typically by 24 months).

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning. CRITERIA: 6+ symptoms (5+ for ages 17+) for 6+ months: present in 2+ settings: onset before age 12. ONSET: Usually identified in elementary school.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Specific Learning Disorder

Difficulties learning and using academic skills (reading, writing, or math) despite targeted intervention. CRITERIA: 1+ symptoms for 6+ months: academic skills substantially below age level. ONSET: Elementary school years.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Developmental Coordination Disorder

Acquisition and execution of motor skills is substantially below expected for age and opportunity. CRITERIA: Onset in early developmental period: interferes with ADLs or school productivity. ONSET: Early developmental period.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Stereotypic Movement Disorder

Repetitive, seemingly driven, and apparently purposeless motor behavior (e.g., hand waving, body rocking). CRITERIA: Behaviors interfere with activities or result in self-injury. ONSET: Typically within first 3 years of life.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Tourette's Disorder

Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics present at some point, though not necessarily concurrently. CRITERIA: Both motor and vocal tics for 1+ year: onset before age 18. ONSET: Before age 18.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Persistent (Chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder

Single or multiple motor OR vocal tics present, but not both. CRITERIA: Tics for 1+ year: onset before age 18. ONSET: Before age 18.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Provisional Tic Disorder

Single or multiple motor and/or vocal tics. CRITERIA: Tics present for less than 1 year since first onset. ONSET: Before age 18.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Presence of obsessions (intrusive thoughts) and/or compulsions (repetitive behaviors) that are time-consuming. CRITERIA: Obsessions/compulsions cause distress or impairment: take up 1+ hour per day. ONSET: Mean age 19.5 years.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)

Preoccupation with perceived defects or flaws in appearance not observable to others. CRITERIA: Repetitive behaviors (mirror checking) or mental acts in response to appearance concerns. ONSET: Mean age 16–17 years.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: Hoarding Disorder

Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions regardless of actual value. CRITERIA: Perceived need to save items and distress associated with discarding them: results in accumulation that congests living areas. ONSET: Emerges ages 11–15: interferes by mid-20s.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)

Recurrent pulling out of one's hair resulting in hair loss: repeated attempts to decrease or stop: not triggered by obsessions but may be accompanied by emotional states (anxiety, boredom). CRITERIA: Hair pulling causing hair loss: repeated attempts to stop: not due to another medical condition: causes distress/impairment. ONSET: Most commonly at or after onset of puberty: may come and go.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder

Recurrent skin picking resulting in skin lesions: repeated attempts to stop: not due to physiological effects of a substance or dermatological condition. CRITERIA: Skin picking causing skin lesions: repeated attempts to stop: causes distress/impairment. ONSET: Usually begins in adolescence, often with acne or other skin condition.

Schizophrenia Spectrum: Delusional Disorder

Presence of 1 or more delusions: no prominent hallucinations, disorganized speech, or grossly disorganized behavior: functioning not markedly impaired outside of delusion. CRITERIA: 1+ delusions for 1+ month: Specify type: Erotomanic, Grandiose, Jealous, Persecutory, Somatic, Mixed, Unspecified: Specify if with bizarre content. ONSET: Before age 25.

Schizophrenia Spectrum: Brief Psychotic Disorder

Presence of 1+ psychotic key features: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, grossly disorganized/abnormal motor behavior: sudden onset with eventual full return to premorbid functioning. CRITERIA: 1+ psychotic symptom (excluding negative symptoms) for at least 1 day but less than 1 month: Specify: with marked stressor(s), postpartum onset. ONSET: Sudden onset: can occur at any age: often following significant stressor.

Schizophrenia Spectrum: Schizophreniform Disorder

Same symptom criteria as Schizophrenia (2+ of: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, negative symptoms) but shorter duration. CRITERIA: 1+ month but less than 6 months: Specify: good/poor prognostic features: with/without catatonia. ONSET: Same onset pattern as Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia Spectrum: Schizophrenia

2+ of the following for significant portion of 1-month period: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, negative symptoms (diminished affect, avolition, alogia, anhedonia): continuous signs for 6 months. CRITERIA: 6 months of continuous signs (including at least 1 month of active-phase symptoms): Specify: first/multiple episodes, acute/partial/full remission: with/without catatonia. ONSET: Variable: prodromal signs often precede active phase.

Schizophrenia Spectrum: Schizoaffective Disorder

Uninterrupted period of illness with a major mood episode (MDE or manic) concurrent with Criterion A of Schizophrenia: delusions or hallucinations for 2+ weeks in absence of major mood episode. CRITERIA: 2+ weeks of delusions/hallucinations without major mood episode: major mood episode present for majority of disorder duration: Specify: Bipolar Type / Depressive Type. ONSET: Variable: similar to Schizophrenia.

Somatic Disorders: Somatic Symptom Disorder

Physical symptoms (pain, movements) with excessive thoughts, feelings, or behaviors related to symptoms: (1) disproportionate/persistent thoughts about seriousness, (2) persistently high health anxiety, (3) excessive time/energy devoted to symptoms. CRITERIA: 1+ somatic symptom causing distress/impairment: persistent state of being symptomatic (6+ months): excessive/disproportionate thoughts, feelings, or behaviors: Specify: persistent, with predominant pain, severity. ONSET: Any age: often presents in medical (not psychiatric) settings.

Somatic Disorders: Illness Anxiety Disorder

Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness despite mild/absent somatic symptoms: high level of health anxiety: excessive health-related behaviors (body checking) or maladaptive avoidance (avoiding doctors). CRITERIA: Illness preoccupation for 6+ months: somatic symptoms absent or mild: excessive/disproportionate concern: Specify: care-seeking type or care-avoidant type. ONSET: Early and middle adulthood.

Somatic Disorders: Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)

Altered voluntary motor or sensory function (weakness/paralysis, abnormal movement, swallowing/speech symptoms, attacks/seizures, anesthesia/sensory loss) with clinical evidence of incompatibility with neurological disease. CRITERIA: Clinical findings of incompatibility with neurological disease: Specify: symptom type: acute (

Somatic Disorders: Psychological Factors Affecting Other Medical Conditions

Clinically significant psychological/behavioral factors adversely affecting a medical condition by increasing risk of suffering, death, or disability — influencing disease course, interfering with treatment, constituting health risks, or influencing pathophysiology. CRITERIA: Specify severity: Mild (increases medical risk) / Moderate (aggravates condition) / Severe (requires hospitalization) / Extreme (life-threatening risk). ONSET: Can occur across the lifespan.

Somatic Disorders: Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self

Falsification of physical or psychological signs/symptoms or induction of injury/disease with identified deception: presents as ill/impaired/injured: deception present even without obvious external rewards. CRITERIA: Deceptive behavior not explained by another mental disorder: not done for external incentives (distinguishing from malingering): Specify: single or recurrent episodes. ONSET: Usually early adulthood, often after hospitalization.

Somatic Disorders: Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another

Falsification of physical/psychological signs/symptoms in another person (victim) associated with deception: presents another as ill/impaired/injured: deception present without obvious external rewards: note: perpetrator receives diagnosis (not victim). CRITERIA: Same as Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self but applied to a victim. ONSET: Usually early adulthood.

Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence: intrusion symptoms (flashbacks, nightmares, psychological/physiological distress to cues): persistent avoidance: negative alterations in cognition/mood: marked alterations in arousal/reactivity. CRITERIA: Criterion A: 1+: B (intrusion): 1+: C (avoidance): 1 or both: D (negative cognitions/mood): 2+: E (arousal/reactivity): 2+: Duration 1+ month: Specify: with dissociative symptoms: with delayed expression (6+ months post-trauma). ONSET: Any age (1+ year): Symptoms often begin within first 3 months after trauma.

Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders: PTSD for Children Younger Than 6 Years

Same exposure criteria as adult PTSD but adapted criteria for young children — includes play re-enactment: frightening dreams without recognizable trauma content: diminished interest in play. CRITERIA: Criterion A: 1+: B: 1+: C–D combined: 1+: E: 2+: Duration 1+ month: Specify: with dissociative symptoms: with delayed expression. ONSET: Any age up to 6 years.

Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders: Acute Stress Disorder

Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence: presence of negative mood, intrusion, dissociative, avoidance, and arousal symptoms. CRITERIA: Criterion A: 1+: Criterion B: 9+ symptoms from any of the 5 categories (negative mood, intrusion, dissociation, avoidance, arousal): Duration: 3 days to 1 month: may progress to PTSD if 1+ month. ONSET: Immediately following trauma.

Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders: Adjustment Disorder

Emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to an identifiable stressor that do not meet criteria for PTSD but represent maladaptive response: not present in normal bereavement. CRITERIA: Occurring within 3 months of stressor onset: lasting no longer than 6 months after stressor/consequences end: Specify: with depressed mood, anxiety, mixed anxiety and depressed mood, disturbance of conduct, mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct, unspecified. ONSET: Any time a person experiences life stress.

Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders: Reactive Attachment Disorder

Consistent pattern of inhibited, emotionally withdrawn behavior toward adult caregivers: persistent social and emotional disturbance: child has experienced extremes of insufficient care. CRITERIA: Disturbance present for 12+ months: Specify: severe: Child must have developmental age of at least 9 months. ONSET: Evident before age 5 years.

Trauma and Stressor-Related Disorders: Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder

Pattern of behavior in which child actively approaches and interacts with unfamiliar adults in a culturally inappropriate way: not limited to impulsivity: child has experienced extremes of insufficient care. CRITERIA: Child must have developmental age of at least 9 months: does not remit even after provision of adequate caregiving. ONSET: Developmental age of at least 9 months.

Anxiety Disorders: Separation Anxiety Disorder

Excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from attachment figures: worry that attachment figure will be harmed or lost: reluctance or refusal to go out/away from home: nightmares involving separation: somatic complaints when separation occurs/is anticipated. CRITERIA: Persistent for 4 weeks in children: 6 months in adults: Causes significant distress/impairment. ONSET: Can start as early as preschool: may occur any time in childhood: rarely in adolescence: often after life stress.

Anxiety Disorders: Selective Mutism

Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations (where speaking is expected) despite speaking in other situations: interferes with educational or social communication achievement. CRITERIA: Failure to speak for 1+ month (not limited to first month of school): not explained by lack of language knowledge or comfort: not better explained by a communication disorder. ONSET: Usually < 5 years: may not come to clinical attention until school entry: may disappear but Social Anxiety Disorder symptoms may remain.

Anxiety Disorders: Specific Phobia

Marked, persistent fear of a specific object or situation (e.g., animals, blood-injection-injury, natural environment, situational): immediate fear response: active avoidance or endurance with intense distress: fear disproportionate to actual danger. CRITERIA: 6+ months duration: fear/anxiety out of proportion to actual danger: causes significant distress/impairment: Specify type: In children: expressed by crying, tantrums, freezing, clinging. ONSET: Usually < 10 years: may develop at any age: often follows traumatic event: many individuals cannot recall onset.

Anxiety Disorders: Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)

Marked fear or anxiety about social situations in which individual may be scrutinized by others: fear of acting in a way that will show anxiety or be negatively evaluated: leads to avoidance. CRITERIA: 6+ months: not attributable to substance or medical condition: causes significant distress/impairment: Specify: performance only: In children: anxiety must occur in peer settings. ONSET: Median onset 13 years (usually 8–15 years).

Anxiety Disorders: Panic Disorder

Recurrent unexpected panic attacks followed by 1+ month of: persistent concern/worry about additional attacks or their consequences: significant maladaptive change in behavior related to attacks. CRITERIA: 1+ unexpected panic attack: 1+ month of persistent concern or maladaptive behavioral change: not better explained by substance/medical condition: Full symptom panic attack (4+ Panic Attack Specifier symptoms) required for diagnosis. ONSET: Median onset 20–24 years: few cases begin in childhood: onset at 45+ unusual.

Anxiety Disorders: Agoraphobia

Marked fear or anxiety about 2+ of: using public transportation, being in open spaces, being in enclosed places, standing in line/being in crowd, being outside home alone: situations avoided due to thoughts that escape might be difficult or help unavailable. CRITERIA: 6+ months: 2+ agoraphobic situations: causes significant distress/impairment: Reasonable fears and age taken into account. ONSET: Initial onset ~35 years: mean age ~17 years: without panic: 25–29 years.

Anxiety Disorders: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Excessive anxiety and worry about a number of events/activities (e.g., work, school) for more days than not, with difficulty controlling the worry: associated with: restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance. CRITERIA: 3+ associated symptoms in adults (1+ in children) for 6+ months: causes significant distress/impairment. ONSET: Median age 30 years: may manifest anxious temperament in childhood/adolescence: children/adolescents worry most about performance.

Disruptive / Impulse-Control / Conduct Disorders: Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness: loses temper, touchy/easily annoyed, angry/resentful, argues with authority, defies rules, deliberately annoys others, blames others, spiteful/vindictive. CRITERIA: 4+ symptoms for 6+ months: For < 5 years: behavior on most days: For 5+ years: at least once/week: exhibited with at least one non-sibling individual: causes distress/impairment. ONSET: Preschool period and in adolescence: ODD may precede Conduct Disorder.

Disruptive / Impulse-Control / Conduct Disorders: Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)

Discrete episodes of losing control of aggressive impulses: (1) verbal/physical aggression without damage/injury 3+ times in 3 months, OR (2) behavioral outbursts involving damage/destruction or physical injury 3+ times in 12 months: typically lasting < 30 minutes. CRITERIA: Must be ≥ 6 years old and ≤ 18 years old for diagnosis: outbursts grossly out of proportion to provocation: causes marked distress or impairment. ONSET: Childhood and adolescence.

Disruptive / Impulse-Control / Conduct Disorders: Conduct Disorder

Repetitive and persistent pattern violating basic rights of others or major societal norms: aggression to people/animals: destruction of property: deceitfulness/theft: serious violations of rules. CRITERIA: 3+ of 15 criteria in past 12 months with at least 1 criterion in past 6 months: Specify: Childhood-onset (<10 years) / Adolescent-onset / Unspecified: With/without limited prosocial emotions: Severity: Mild/Moderate/Severe. ONSET: May occur as early as preschool: usually middle childhood through middle adolescence.

Disruptive / Impulse-Control / Conduct Disorders: Pyromania

Multiple episodes of deliberate and purposeful fire setting: tension/affective arousal before fire setting: pleasure, gratification, or relief when setting fires or witnessing their aftermath: fire setting not for monetary gain, ideology, or to conceal crime. CRITERIA: Deliberate and purposeful fire setting on multiple occasions: fascination with fire: pleasure/relief associated with fires: not better explained by another disorder. ONSET: Insufficient data (often begins in childhood or adolescence).

Disruptive / Impulse-Control / Conduct Disorders: Kleptomania

Recurrent failure to resist impulses to steal items not needed for personal use or monetary value: increasing tension before theft: pleasure/gratification/relief after theft: stealing not done out of anger, vengeance, or in response to a hallucination/delusion. CRITERIA: Recurrent theft of unneeded items: tension before and pleasure/relief after: not better explained by conduct disorder, manic episode, or antisocial personality disorder. ONSET: Often begins in adolescence: may begin in childhood, adolescence, or adulthood.

Dissociative Disorders: Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Disruption of and/or discontinuity in the normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior: presence of 2+ distinct personality states: recurrent gaps in recall of everyday events, personal information, and/or traumatic events. CRITERIA: Criterion A (disruption of identity): Criterion B (recurrent gaps in recall inconsistent with ordinary forgetting): Not part of cultural/religious practice: Not due to substance or medical condition. ONSET: Any age: almost always childhood, often as young as 4 years.

Dissociative Disorders: Dissociative Amnesia

Inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature, inconsistent with ordinary forgetting: Types: Localized (circumscribed period of time): Selective (some events): Generalized (complete memory loss): Systematized (specific category): Continuous (ongoing amnesia for new events). CRITERIA: Inability to recall autobiographical information: may or may not involve purposeful travel or bewildered wandering (dissociative fugue): inconsistent with ordinary forgetting: in children: clinicians must use multiple sources. ONSET: Onset of generalized amnesia usually sudden: observed in all age groups: can be minutes to decades.

Dissociative Disorders: Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder

Depersonalization: experiences of unreality, detachment, or being an outside observer of one's thoughts, feelings, sensations, body, or actions: Derealization: experiences of unreality or detachment with respect to surroundings: reality testing remains intact throughout. CRITERIA: Persistent or recurrent experiences of depersonalization/derealization: reality testing remains intact: causes significant distress/impairment: not better explained by another disorder or substance. ONSET: Onset typically around age 16.

Substance Use Disorders: Alcohol Use Disorder

Problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. CRITERIA: 2+ of the 11 SUD criteria in a 12-month period (Impaired Control: criteria 1–4: Social Impairment: criteria 5–7: Risky Use: criteria 8–9: Pharmacological: criteria 10–11): Severity: Mild (2–3), Moderate (4–5), Severe (6+). ONSET: Mid-teens: alcohol-related problems may occur before age 20.

Substance Use Disorders: Alcohol Intoxication

Slurred speech, incoordination, unsteady gait, nystagmus, impairment in attention/memory, stupor/coma. CRITERIA: 1+ signs/symptoms developing during or shortly after alcohol use: average onset age 15: highest prevalence 18–25 years. ONSET: Average age onset 15 years: highest prevalence 18–25 years.

Substance Use Disorders: Alcohol Withdrawal

Autonomic hyperactivity, increased hand tremor, insomnia, nausea/vomiting, transient visual/tactile/auditory hallucinations or illusions, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, generalized tonic-clonic seizures. CRITERIA: 2+ signs/symptoms developing within several hours to a few days after cessation. ONSET: Relatively rare in individuals younger than 30.

Substance Use Disorders: Caffeine Intoxication

Restlessness, nervousness, excitement, insomnia, flushed face, diuresis, GI disturbance, muscle twitching, rambling thoughts/speech, tachycardia/cardiac arrhythmia, periods of inexhaustibility, psychomotor agitation. CRITERIA: 5+ signs/symptoms developing during or shortly after caffeine use. ONSET: All ages.

Substance Use Disorders: Caffeine Withdrawal

Headache, marked fatigue or drowsiness, dysphoric/depressed mood or irritability, difficulty concentrating, flu-like symptoms (nausea, vomiting, muscle pain/stiffness). CRITERIA: 3+ signs/symptoms following within 24 hours of caffeine cessation. ONSET: All ages.

Substance Use Disorders: Cannabis Use Disorder

Problematic pattern of cannabis use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. CRITERIA: 2+ of the 11 SUD criteria in a 12-month period: Severity: Mild / Moderate / Severe. ONSET: Adolescence or young adulthood.

Substance Use Disorders: Cannabis Intoxication

Conjunctival injection, increased appetite, dry mouth, tachycardia. CRITERIA: 2+ signs/symptoms developing within 2 hours of cannabis use. ONSET: Adolescence or young adulthood.

Substance Use Disorders: Cannabis Withdrawal

Irritability/anger/aggression, nervousness/anxiety, sleep difficulty, decreased appetite/weight loss, restlessness, depressed mood, physical symptoms (abdominal pain, shakiness/tremors, sweating, fever, chills, headache). CRITERIA: 3+ signs/symptoms developing within ~1 week of cessation. ONSET: Adolescence or young adulthood.

Substance Use Disorders: Phencyclidine (PCP) Use Disorder

Problematic pattern of PCP use. CRITERIA: 2+ of the 11 SUD criteria in a 12-month period. ONSET: Age onset unknown: when smoked/snorted/IV the onset may be rapid.

Substance Use Disorders: Phencyclidine Intoxication

Vertical or horizontal nystagmus, hypertension/tachycardia, numbness/diminished pain response, ataxia, dysarthria, muscle rigidity, seizures/coma, hyperacusis. CRITERIA: 2+ signs/symptoms within 1 hour. ONSET: Variable onset: rapid if smoked/snorted/IV.

Substance Use Disorders: Other Hallucinogen Use Disorder

Problematic pattern of hallucinogen use. CRITERIA: 2+ of the 11 SUD criteria in a 12-month period. ONSET: Variable.

Substance Use Disorders: Other Hallucinogen Intoxication

Pupillary dilation, tachycardia, sweating, palpitations, blurring of vision, tremors, incoordination. CRITERIA: 2+ signs/symptoms developing during or shortly after hallucinogen use. ONSET: Variable.

Substance Use Disorders: Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD)

Re-experiencing of 1+ perceptual symptoms experienced while intoxicated with hallucinogen (e.g., geometric hallucinations, false perceptions of movement, flashes of color, trails from moving objects). CRITERIA: Perceptual symptoms after hallucinogen use that cause distress/impairment: not due to another medical condition: not better explained by another disorder. ONSET: After hallucinogen use: onset variable.

Substance Use Disorders: Inhalant Use Disorder

Problematic pattern of inhalant use. CRITERIA: 2+ of the 11 SUD criteria in a 12-month period. ONSET: Ages 12–17 years.

Substance Use Disorders: Inhalant Intoxication

Dizziness, nystagmus, incoordination, slurred speech, unsteady gait, lethargy, depressed reflexes, psychomotor retardation, tremor, generalized muscle weakness, blurred vision/diplopia, stupor/coma, euphoria. CRITERIA: 2+ signs/symptoms developing during or shortly after inhalant use. ONSET: Ages 12–17 years.

Substance Use Disorders: Opioid Use Disorder

Problematic pattern of opioid use. CRITERIA: 2+ of the 11 SUD criteria in a 12-month period: Severity: Mild / Moderate / Severe. ONSET: Can begin at any age: most common in late teens or early 20s.

Substance Use Disorders: Opioid Intoxication

Drowsiness or coma, slurred speech, impairment in attention or memory: pupillary constriction (or dilation in severe overdose/anoxia). CRITERIA: Pupillary constriction + 1+ signs/symptoms: Specify: with/without perceptual disturbances. ONSET: Late teens to early 20s.

Substance Use Disorders: Opioid Withdrawal

Dysphoric mood, nausea/vomiting, muscle aches, lacrimation/rhinorrhea, pupillary dilation/piloerection/sweating, diarrhea, yawning, fever, insomnia. CRITERIA: 3+ signs/symptoms developing within minutes to several days of cessation/reduction. ONSET: Late teens to early 20s.

Substance Use Disorders: Sedative/Hypnotic/Anxiolytic Use Disorder

Problematic pattern of sedative/hypnotic/anxiolytic use. CRITERIA: 2+ of the 11 SUD criteria in a 12-month period. ONSET: Teens or 20s.

Substance Use Disorders: Sedative/Hypnotic/Anxiolytic Withdrawal

Autonomic hyperactivity, hand tremor, insomnia, nausea/vomiting, transient visual/tactile/auditory hallucinations or illusions, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, grand mal seizures. CRITERIA: 2+ signs/symptoms developing within several hours to days after cessation. ONSET: Teens or 20s.

Substance Use Disorders: Stimulant Use Disorder (Cocaine/Amphetamine)

Problematic pattern of stimulant use. CRITERIA: 2+ of the 11 SUD criteria in a 12-month period: Severity: Mild / Moderate / Severe. ONSET: Ages 12–25 years.

Substance Use Disorders: Stimulant Intoxication

Tachycardia or bradycardia, pupillary dilation, elevated or lowered blood pressure, perspiration or chills, nausea/vomiting, evidence of weight loss, psychomotor agitation/retardation, muscle weakness/respiratory depression/chest pain/cardiac arrhythmias, confusion/seizures/dyskinesias/dystonias/coma. CRITERIA: 2+ signs/symptoms developing during or shortly after stimulant use. ONSET: Ages 12–25 years.

Substance Use Disorders: Stimulant Withdrawal

Dysphoric mood, fatigue, vivid/unpleasant dreams, insomnia or hypersomnia, increased appetite, psychomotor retardation or agitation. CRITERIA: Dysphoric mood + 2+ physiological changes within a few hours to several days after cessation. ONSET: Ages 12–25 years.

Substance Use Disorders: Tobacco Use Disorder

Problematic pattern of tobacco use. CRITERIA: 2+ of the 11 SUD criteria in a 12-month period. ONSET: Age 18 years.

Substance Use Disorders: Tobacco Withdrawal

Irritability/frustration/anger, anxiety, difficulty concentrating, increased appetite, restlessness, depressed mood, insomnia. CRITERIA: 4+ signs/symptoms within 24 hours of abrupt cessation or reduction. ONSET: Age 18 years.

Substance Use Disorders: Gambling Disorder

Needs to gamble with increasing amounts: restless/irritable when attempting to cut down: repeated unsuccessful attempts to stop: preoccupied with gambling: gambles when distressed: 'chases losses': lies to conceal gambling: jeopardized relationships/career: relies on others for money. CRITERIA: 4+ criteria in a 12-month period: Severity: Mild (4–5) / Moderate (6–7) / Severe (8–9): Specify: episodic, persistent, or in early/sustained remission. ONSET: Adolescence or young adulthood: earlier in males: later in females.

Substance Use Disorders: Internet Gaming Disorder

Preoccupation with Internet games: withdrawal symptoms: tolerance (need to spend increasing time): unsuccessful attempts to control: loss of interest in previous hobbies: continued use despite psychosocial problems: deception about gaming amount: using to escape/relieve negative mood: jeopardized major life area. CRITERIA: 5+ criteria in a 12-month period. ONSET: Variable onset: often adolescence or young adulthood.