Greek and roman architecture exam 2

Mainland Greek Ionic Siphnian Treasury at Delphi, c. 525

The walls of the Athenian Treasury at Delphi are covered with inscriptions, including hymns to Apollo.

Iron Age Huts and Hut Urns in Italy (9th-7 th centuries BCE)

ROME WAS BUILT ON SEVEN HILLS

Hut identified as the first Temple of Vesta

First Domus Regia (the king's palace) on the northern slope of the Palatine

Akragas / Agrigento, Olympeion (Temple of Olympian Zeus)

vGreek Architects and the Building Technology of Large Stone Temples

Keeping stone blocks from shifting (in a seismic environment!) Ashlar blocks with swallowtail clamps and dowels

Temple of Zeus, Olympia

Lion-head spouts along sima: “gutter-spouts”

447-432 Parthenon (dedicated in 438) Architects: Iktinos & Kallikrates Sculptor of chryselephantine cult statue: Phidias

437-432 Propylaia Architect: Mnesikles

426-421 Temple of Athena Nike Architect: Kallikrates Sculptor: Agorakritos

421-406 Erechtheion Sculptors: Alkamemes and/or Kallimachos

Periclean Building Program

22,000 tons (= 44 million pounds) of marble were pulled up to the acropolis. Very expensive: The cost during first year alone was almost 5000 talents of gold (about $3 billion in today’s U.S. dollars). Created many jobs: Good for the Athenian economy

Phidias:

a) Chryselephantine statue of Athena in Parthenon b) Chryselephantine statue of Zeus at Olympia

worked on athenian acropolis

Iktinos

Parthenon (with Kallikrates) b) Temple of Apollo at Bassai / Bassae worked on acropolis

Athenian Agora, Temple of Ares

Sounion, Sanctuary and Temple of Poseidon

Rhamnous, Temple of Nemesis

Isthmia • The 7th c. temple burned c. 460-450 • The new temple built to replace it was similar in dimensions and outer appearance to the Temple of Zeus at Olympia

Isthmian Dining Caves

Model of the Athenian Agora, ca. 400 BCE

Corinth: Punic Amphora Building Fish merchant’s shop

•Mausoleum of Halikarnassos, mid 4th century