Russia and Japan: Industrialization Outside the West

These flashcards cover key terms and figures regarding the industrialization and reform movements in Russia and Japan during the 19th century.

Yukichi Fukuzawa

A prominent educational reformer in late 19th-century Japan who advocated for Western-style education and criticized Confucianism.

Confucianism

A system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius, which was seen by Fukuzawa as undervaluing science and independence.

Meiji Period

The period from 1868 to 1912 in Japan characterized by rapid modernization and industrialization.

Decembrist Revolt

An uprising in 1825 by Russian army officers who wanted reforms and political freedom, which resulted in increased repression.

Emancipation of Serfs

The 1861 reform in Russia that freed serfs from servitude, a critical step in Russia's attempts to modernize.

Trans-Siberian Railroad

A major railroad project in Russia connecting European Russia with the Pacific coast, facilitating economic development.

Russo-Japanese War

The 1904-1905 conflict in which Japan defeated Russia, marking the first major military victory of an Asian power over a European one.

Industrialization

The process of developing industries in a country or region on a wide scale, which Russia and Japan undertook during the 19th century.

Zemstvoes

Local political councils established in Russia after emancipation, meant to give some political experience to citizens, but limited in national influence.

Marxism

A socioeconomic theory developed by Karl Marx that criticizes capitalism and advocates for class struggle and revolution by laborers.