Practical Research 2 Flashcards

Flashcards about Quantitative Research, Variables, Research Title, and Research Methodology from Practical Research 2 lecture notes.

What is Quantitative Research, according to Aliaga and Gunderson (2000)?

Explaining phenomena by collecting numerical data that are analyzed using mathematically based methods.

What are the characteristics of Quantitative Research?

Data are in the form of numbers; Data are analyzed using statistical methods; Data are gathered using structured, standardized research instruments; It tests hypotheses and theories; It's objective and reliable; Uses convergent reasoning; Results are based on larger sample sizes.

What are the strengths of Quantitative Research?

Large sample size that conclusion can be generalized; Data and findings are reliable; Data can be replicated to test more findings; Personal interaction is not part of the research process; Standards are used to ensure validity and reliability of data.

What are the weaknesses of Quantitative Research?

It can be costly and time-consuming; It needs extensive statistical treatment; Potentially useful information can be wasteful; Results are more focused on What, how much, or to what extent and often fail to answer the why and how; Preset or fixed choices of answers may not necessarily provide the true answers of the sample.

What are Numeric Variables?

A variable that answers the question “how many” or “how much.” It represents variables with values that describe a numerical quantity, classified as Continuous or Discrete.

What are Categorical Variables?

Variables with values that describe the quality or characteristics of a given data. It describes categories or groups, classified as Ordinal, Nominal, Dichotomous, or Polychotomous.

What are the Kinds of Experimental Variables?

Independent Variable, Dependent Variable, and Extraneous Variable

What is Independent Variable

Variable that the researcher manipulates in an experiment or research. The independent variable is the variable that is different between the groups compared.

What is Dependent Variable

Variables affected by the manipulation of the independent variable. It is sometimes called the predicted variable.

What is Experimental Research?

It is used to identify cause and effect relationships between variables; Composed of the control group and the experimental group; Uses one or more dependent and independent variables; The researcher manipulates the controlled variables; Subjects are randomly or non-randomly selected.

What are the kinds of Experimental Research?

Pre-Experimental Research Design, True-Experimental Research Design, and Quasi-Experimental Research

What is Non-Experimental Research Design?

The researcher does not manipulate or control the setting or environment of the research. The researcher observes and collects data as the phenomena occur naturally. This kind of research is usually used if the research pertains to a non-causal relationship between variables.

What are the types of Descriptive Research Design?

Survey Research, Correlational Research, and Comparative Research

What are the characteristics of a good research title?

Describe the content of the paper; Catch the reader’s attention and interest; Distinguish the paper from others on a similar topic; Match search queries.

What are some ways research can be useful iin daily life?

Tool for Building Knowledge and for Facilitating Learning; Means to Understand Various Issues and Increase Public Awareness;An Aid to Business Success; Means to Find, Gauge, and Seize Opportunities; Nourishment and Exercise for the Mind

Name some components of Scope and Delimitation

The topic of the Study. What are the variables to be included and excluded?; Objectives or Problems to be Addressed. Why are you doing this study?; Time Frame. When are you going to conduct this study?; Locale of the Study. Where are you going to gather your data?; Characteristics of the Respondents. Who will be your respondents?; Method and Research Instruments. How are going to collect the data?

What is the significance of the study?

The significance of the study indicates the importance of the study conducted. It identifies the beneficiaries and the benefits the study can be provided in solving a particular problem. Beneficiaries include students, teachers, administrators, society, organizations, among others.

What are the guidelines and strategies in developing a conceptual framework?

Identify the key concepts in your study; Search for existing theories that incorporate the same concept; Plot your conceptual framework using a concept map; Incorporate concepts not covered by the selected theories; Write a narrative explanation of each concept and how each of them relates to one another; Refer again to your research questions and check if the conceptual framework is aligned.

What is operational definition?

The meaning of a term based on how it was used in the study.

What is Literature Review?

A process that involves identifying, locating, and analyzing documents that contain information related to a researcher’s topic. It is a compilation of studies associated with a specific area of research.

What is Research Design?

An overall strategy to follow in a logical way to ensure that the research problem is addressed correctly. Research design includes the description of the selection, measurements, and analysis of the data.

Outline research methodology content.

Research Design; Research Population and Sample; Sampling Procedure; Research Instruments; Validity and Reliability of Instruments; Research Intervention (if applicable); Data Collection Procedure; Data Analysis

What are the steps to make develop a research instrument?

1.To gather indicators from the related literature or experts. 2. To make instrument items from the indicators, you gathered. 3. To decide on the type of responses you want. 4. To write the instructions for your instrument above the items.

Describe Sampling

Sampling is the systematic process of selecting the group to be analyzed in the study. Once a good sample is obtained, the generalizability and applicability of the results of the study become more valid and reliable.