Hydrogen

Like group 1 elements

configuration of ns1 and most commonly a +1 oxidation state

Like group 14 elements

has similar ionization energies and electron affinity

like group 17 elements

occurs diatomically, fills is electron by sharing or gaining electrons from a metal

Ionic Hydrides

directly forms with any alkali metal or alkaline earth metals

Covalent Hydrides

covalently bonds with most nonmetals

isotopes of hydrogen

protium, deuterium, tritium

protium

1H, one proton (p+), plus one e- surrounding it

Deuterium (D)

2H , one p+ and one neutron (n), plus one e-

Tritium (T)

one p+ and two n, plus one e-

found in 3 formal oxidation states

H2 (0), H2O (+1), NaH (-1)

Electrolysis of water reaction

2H2O (l) = 2H2 (g) +O2 (g)

steam-methane reforming reaction

CH4 + H2O -> CO + 3H2

Water-gas shift reaction

CO + H2O --> CO2 + H2

Group 1 and 2 hydrides...

are ionic and basic . (with very strong reducing agents (Na(s), Ca(s), Li(s)...), hydrogen is reduced to H- = ionic hydrides.

What is the relationship between the weight of an isotope and the melting and boiling point?

heavier isotope = higher melting and boiling point

What is hydrogen bonding?

F,O,N

Metal + H^+ -> H2 gas + whatever is left

Ex: 2Al +HCl -> AlCl3 +3H2(g)

Ionic hydride + water -> SB + H2 (g)

Ex: LiH + H2O (l) -> OH^- +H2 (g)

metal halide + H2(g) -> acid +metal

Ex: PdCl2 (aq) +H2 (g) -> HCl +Pd