Knights of Labor and Immigration in the Second Industrial Revolution

These flashcards summarize key concepts related to the Knights of Labor and immigration during the Second Industrial Revolution.

What was the main goal of the Knights of Labor?

To organize workers and advocate for better working conditions and rights.

Who founded the National Labor Union in 1866?

William H. Sylvis.

What was the motto of the Knights of Labor?

An injury to one is the concern of all.

In what year was the Knights of Labor founded?

1869.

Who became the leader of the Knights of Labor in 1879?

Terrance V. Powderly.

What led to the decline of the Knights of Labor?

The backlash from the Haymarket Riot and increased anti-union sentiment.

What significant demand did many labor unions, including the Knights of Labor, advocate for?

An eight-hour workday.

What was the impact of the Haymarket Riot on the Knights of Labor?

Membership decreased dramatically and the organization faced a wave of anti-union sentiment.

What were yellow-dog contracts?

Agreements that forced workers not to join unions as a condition of employment.

What was the open shop policy?

A workplace where union membership is not required for employment.

What was the Pullman Strike?

A significant strike in 1894 that affected railroad traffic and led to federal intervention.

What was the primary immigration restriction act passed in 1882?

The Chinese Exclusion Act.

What were sweatshops?

Factories where immigrants often worked under harsh conditions and for low wages.

Who was Jane Addams and what did she establish?

She founded Hull House, a settlement house in Chicago for immigrants.

What is the main concept of Social Darwinism?

The belief that businesses succeed based on their ability to adapt and thrive in the competitive environment.