med

Sprain

Sprain

Injury to a ligament/tears or breaks in ligaments

Myalgia

Muscle pain/tenderness

Paralysis

Inability to control voluntary movements

Hypertrophy

Increase in muscle size (diameter and strength)

Atrophy

Decrease in muscle size/muscle wasting

Tonus

Partial contraction

Spasm

Sudden, severe muscle contraction

Muscular Dystrophy

Inherited muscle disease where muscle fibers degenerate

Electromyogram (EMG)

Record of the electrical activity in a muscle (diagnostic test)

Strain

Injury or tear to tendon/muscle

Abduction

Movement away from the midline of the body

Adduction

Movement toward the midline of the body

Circumduction

Moving in a circular motion at a joint

Contractability

Ability of a muscle to become short and thick

Contracture

Severe tightening of a flexor muscle (results in bending of a joint)

Elasticity

Ability of a muscle to return to its orginal shape

Excitability

Ability of a muscle to respond to a stimulus/nerve impulse

Extensibility

Ability of a muscle to be stretched

Extension

Increasing the angle between two bones/straightening a body part

Fascia

Attaches muscles to bones. A sheetlike membrane that covers and protects the muscle tissue.

Flexion

Decreasing the angle between two bones/bending a body part

Insertion

The end of a muscle that moves when the muscle contracts.

Involuntary

Ability to function without conscious

Ligament

Connects bone to bone (Connective tissue that holds bone together)

Muscle tone

State of partial contraction

Origin

The end of a muscle that does not move when muscle contracts

Rotation

Turning a body part on its own axis

Tendon

Attaches muscle to bone (Connective tissue that holds muscle to bone)

Voluntary

Functions with a person's control

True ribs

Vertebrosternal, first 7 pair

Shoulder blade

Scapula

Upper arm bone

Humerus

Fingers and toes

Phalanges

Thigh bone

Femur

Lower leg bones

Fibula and tibia

Forearm bones

Radius and Ulna

Wrist bones

Carpals

Ankle bones

Tarsals

Foot bones

Metatarsals

Osteoporosis

Decreased bone density

Arithitis

Inflammation of the joints

Ossification

Process of bone formation

Osteon

The fundamental unit of combact bone

Articulation

Where the bone and joint meet

Ligament

Connective tissue that holds bone together

Tendon

Connective tissue that holds muscle to the bone

Reduction

Aligning ends of a fractured bone

Sternum

Breastbone

Comminuted fracture

Fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed