Module 1: Inorganic Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Part 4.2 - Compounds - Nitric Acid, Sulfuric Acid, Phosphoric Acid, Boric Acid, and Salts

Aqua fortis.

a. Nitric acid, HNO3

b. Sodium nitrite, NaNO2

c. Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

a. Nitric acid, HNO3

Vasodilator which is used for meat/fish curing as preservative, flavor production, color development.

a. Nitric acid, HNO3

b. Sodium nitrite, NaNO2

c. Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

b. Sodium nitrite, NaNO2

Carcinogenic as it can form nitrosamines.

a. Nitric acid, HNO3

b. Sodium nitrite, NaNO2

c. Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

b. Sodium nitrite, NaNO2

Chile Salt Peter

a. Nitric acid, HNO3

b. Sodium nitrite, NaNO2

c. Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

c. Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

Used as meat preservative and in explosive manufacturing.

a. Nitric acid, HNO3

b. Sodium nitrite, NaNO2

c. Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

c. Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

Prunelle or Salitre

a. Nitric acid, HNO3

b. Sodium nitrite, NaNO2

c. Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

Also known as Salt Peter which is used as meat preservative, dentin desensitizer.

a. Nitric acid, HNO3

b. Sodium nitrite, NaNO2

c. Sodium nitrate, NaNO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

Lapiz infernulariz (caustic pencil)

a. Silver nitrate, AgNO3

b. Silver ammonium nitrate

c. Bismuth subnitrate, Bi(OH)2NO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

a. Silver nitrate, AgNO3

Lunar caustic, indelible ink

a. Silver nitrate, AgNO3

b. Silver ammonium nitrate

c. Bismuth subnitrate, Bi(OH)2NO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

a. Silver nitrate, AgNO3

Water soluble Ag salt which is used for treatment of warts.

a. Silver nitrate, AgNO3

b. Silver ammonium nitrate

c. Bismuth subnitrate, Bi(OH)2NO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

a. Silver nitrate, AgNO3

Wet dressing for 3° burns.

a. Silver nitrate 0.5%

b. Silver nitrate 1%

c. Silver nitrite 1%

d. Silver nitrite 1%

a. Silver nitrate 0.5%

Ophthalmic solution for prophylaxis of gonorrheal ophthalmia neonatorum.

a. Silver nitrate 0.5%

b. Silver nitrate 1%

c. Silver nitrite 1%

d. Silver nitrite 1%

b. Silver nitrate 1%

Silver nitrate is not used for prophylaxis of gonorrhea in infants anymore. What is the newer agent now being used?

a. Penicillin drops

b. Clindamycin drops

c. Erythromycin drops

d. Cephalexin drops

c. Erythromycin drops

Ammoniacal silver nitrate

a. Silver nitrate, AgNO3

b. Silver ammonium nitrate

c. Bismuth subnitrate, Bi(OH)2NO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

b. Silver ammonium nitrate

Howe's solution

a. Silver nitrate, AgNO3

b. Silver ammonium nitrate

c. Bismuth subnitrate, Bi(OH)2NO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

b. Silver ammonium nitrate

Also known as the Tollen's reagent which is a dental protective and desensitizing agent.

a. Silver nitrate, AgNO3

b. Silver ammonium nitrate

c. Bismuth subnitrate, Bi(OH)2NO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

b. Silver ammonium nitrate

The formation of a dark grey precipitate or silver mirror on the bottom and sides of the test tube indicates a positive result in Tollen's test, which means that the given sample contains

a. Alcohol

b. Aldehydes and ketones

c. Carboxylic acid

d. Ester and alcohol

b. Aldehydes and Ketones

Aldehydes and ketones and reduced to primary alcohol.

a. Silver nitrate, AgNO3

b. Silver ammonium nitrate

c. Bismuth subnitrate, Bi(OH)2NO3

d. Potassium nitrate, KNO3

c. Bismuth subnitrate, Bi(OH)2NO3

Oil of vitriol

a. Sulfuric acid, H2SO4

b. Sodium metabisulfite, Na2S2O5

c. Potassium metabisulfite, K2S2O5

d. Sodium sulfate, Na2SO4

a. Sulfuric acid, H2SO4

Formed by crystallization on atmospheric SO2.

a. Sulfuric acid, H2SO4

b. Sodium metabisulfite, Na2S2O5

c. Potassium metabisulfite, K2S2O5

d. Sodium sulfate, Na2SO4

b. Sodium metabisulfite, Na2S2O5

Fumigant will revert back Na metabisulfite to Na bisulfite.

Bisulfite of commerce, same properties as true bisulfite.

a. Sulfuric acid, H2SO4

b. Sodium metabisulfite, Na2S2O5

c. Potassium metabisulfite, K2S2O5

d. Sodium sulfate, Na2SO4

b. Sodium metabisulfite, Na2S2O5

Reducing agent which is a water soluble antioxidant.

a. Sulfuric acid, H2SO4

b. Sodium metabisulfite, Na2S2O5

c. Potassium metabisulfite, K2S2O5

d. Sodium sulfate, Na2SO4

b. Sodium metabisulfite, Na2S2O5

Those with meta-, thio-, and other similar prefixes are commonly reducing agents.

Sodium metabisulfite cam be used as antioxidant in:

a. Drugs with phenol/catechol nucleus (phenylephrine HCl, epinephrine HCl)

b. Vitamin C (0.1%) c. Both

d. None

c. Both

Potassium metabisulfite, K2S2O5 is an antioxidant.

a. True

b. False

a. True

Known as the Glauber's salt which is used as saline laxative or cathartic.

a. Sulfuric acid, H2SO4

b. Sodium metabisulfite, Na2S2O5

c. Potassium metabisulfite, K2S2O5

d. Sodium sulfate, Na2SO4

d. Sodium sulfate, Na2SO4

Known as the Epsom salt.

a. Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4

b. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4 • 1/2 H2O

c. Calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO4 • 2 H2O

d. Zinc sulfate, ZnSO4

a. Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4

Used as a per-oral cathartic, and anticonvulsant.

a. Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4

b. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4 • 1/2 H2O

c. Calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO4 • 2 H2O

d. Zinc sulfate, ZnSO4

a. Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4

Pre-eclampsia triad include:

a. Hypertension

b. Proteinuria

c. Edema

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

f. All

Eclampsia is when the hypertension, edema, and proteinuria are manifested with:

a. Seizure

b. Sever fever

c. High blood sugar

d. Myopathy

a. Seizure

Known as the Plaster of Paris which is used as surgical cast.

a. Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4

b. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4 • 1/2 H2O

c. Calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO4 • 2 H2O

d. Zinc sulfate, ZnSO4

b. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4 • 1/2 H2O

Known as the Gypsum or Terra alba that is used as dentifrice and rodenticide.

a. Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4

b. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4 • 1/2 H2O

c. Calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO4 • 2 H2O

d. Zinc sulfate, ZnSO4

c. Calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO4 • 2 H2O

White vitriol

a. Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4

b. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4 • 1/2 H2O

c. Calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO4 • 2 H2O

d. Zinc sulfate, ZnSO4

d. Zinc sulfate, ZnSO4

Only FDA approved ophthalmic astringent in 0.25% solution.

a. Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4

b. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4 • 1/2 H2O

c. Calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO4 • 2 H2O

d. Zinc sulfate, ZnSO4

d. Zinc sulfate, ZnSO4

Component of white lotion together with sulfurated potash.

a. Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4

b. Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4 • 1/2 H2O

c. Calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO4 • 2 H2O

d. Zinc sulfate, ZnSO4

d. Zinc sulfate, ZnSO4

White lotion is Sulfureted potash + ZnSO4

Ophthalmic antiseptic

a. Cadmium sulfate, CdSO4

b. Cupric sulfate, CuSO4

c. Ferrous ammonium sulfate

d. Ferrous sulfate

a. Cadmium sulfate, CdSO4

Blue/ Roman/ Salzburg vitriol, Blue stone

a. Cadmium sulfate, CdSO4

b. Cupric sulfate, CuSO4

c. Ferrous ammonium sulfate

d. Ferrous sulfate

b. Cupric sulfate, CuSO4

Enhances Fe utilization.

a. Cadmium sulfate, CdSO4

b. Cupric sulfate, CuSO4

c. Ferrous ammonium sulfate

d. Ferrous sulfate

b. Cupric sulfate, CuSO4

Component of Barfoed's, Benedict's, and Fehling's solution which are tests for reducing substance which positive result of brick red ppt.

a. Cadmium sulfate, CdSO4

b. Cupric sulfate, CuSO4

c. Ferrous ammonium sulfate

d. Ferrous sulfate

b. Cupric sulfate, CuSO4

Bordeaux mixture used as algicide and fungicide in swimming pool. It is composed of:

a. CuSO4

b. FeSO4

c. CaO

d. a and c

e. b and c

f. All

d. a and c

Bordeaux mixture is CuSO4 + CaO

Green vitriol

a. Cadmium sulfate, CdSO4

b. Cupric sulfate, CuSO4

c. Ferrous ammonium sulfate

d. Ferrous sulfate, FeSO4

d. Ferrous Sulfate

Most economical and most satisfactory form used as hematinic but has constipating side effect.

a. Cadmium sulfate, CdSO4

b. Cupric sulfate, CuSO4

c. Ferrous ammonium sulfate

d. Ferrous sulfate, FeSO4

d. Ferrous sulfate, FeSO4

Mohr salt

a. Cadmium sulfate, CdSO4

b. Cupric sulfate, CuSO4

c. Ferrous ammonium sulfate

d. Ferrous sulfate, FeSO4

c. Ferrous ammonium sulfate

Also known as Monsel's solution used as styptic or hemostatic agent.

a. Ferric subsulfate solution

b. Barium sulfate, BaSO4

c. Nickel sulfate, NiSO4

d. Aluminum potassium sulfate, AlK(SO4 )2 + 12 H2O

a. Ferric subsulfate solution

Barium meal

a. Ferric subsulfate solution

b. Barium sulfate, BaSO4

c. Nickel sulfate, NiSO4

d. Aluminum potassium sulfate, AlK(SO4 )2 + 12 H2O

b. Barium sulfate, BaSO4

Radio opaque for GIT imaging which doesn't dissociate but with constipating side effect.

a. Ferric subsulfate solution

b. Barium sulfate, BaSO4

c. Nickel sulfate, NiSO4

d. Aluminum potassium sulfate, AlK(SO4 )2 + 12 H2O

b. Barium sulfate, BaSO4

Tonic, parasiticide.

a. Ferric subsulfate solution

b. Barium sulfate, BaSO4

c. Nickel sulfate, NiSO4

d. Aluminum potassium sulfate, AlK(SO4 )2 + 12 H2O

c. Nickel sulfate, NiSO4

Alum or Tawas.

a. Ferric subsulfate solution

b. Barium sulfate, BaSO4

c. Nickel sulfate, NiSO4

d. Aluminum potassium sulfate, AlK(SO4 )2 + 12 H2O

d. Aluminum potassium sulfate, AlK(SO4 )2 + 12 H2O

Used of Alum except:

a. Astringent

b. Antiperspirant

c. Deodorant

d. Styptic

e. None

e. None

Photographer's hypochlor

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

Reducing agent used in iodometry.

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

Its misnomer is sodium hyposulfite.

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

Decompose thiosulfate to sulfur.

a. Acids

b. Bases

a. Acids

Decompose thiosulfate to sulfate.

a. Acids

b. Bases

b. Bases

Used in Cl- residue removal from aqueous solution.

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

Only white sulfide which is a topical protectant, antiseptic, and parasiticide.

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

Component of Lithopone.

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

Lithopone is composed of:

a. BaS + ZnS (70:30)

b. PbS + ZnS (70:30)

c. BaS + CdS (70:30)

d. PbS + CdS (70:30)

a. BaS + ZnS (70:30)

Pink/salmon sulfide.

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

Capsebon

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

f. Cadmium sulfide, CdS

f. Cadmium sulfide, CdS

Only yellow sulfide which is antiseborrheic.

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

f. Cadmium sulfide, CdS

f. Cadmium sulfide, CdS

Selsun blue

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

2.5% suspension is used for seborrheic dermatitis.

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

Black sulfide from Galena (most common ore).

a. Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3

b. Zinc sulfide, ZnS

c. Manganese sulfide, MnS

d. Selenium sulfide, SeS2

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

e. Lead sulfide, PbS

Triprotic acid which undergoes 3 stages of ionization thus a weak acid.

a. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4

b. Sodium hypophosphite, NaHPO2

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

d. Sodium biphosphate, Na2HPO4

a. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4

Reducing agent (antioxidant)

a. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4

b. Sodium hypophosphite, NaHPO2

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

d. Sodium biphosphate, Na2HPO4

b. Sodium hypophosphite, NaHPO2

Monobasic sodium phosphate.

a. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4

b. Sodium hypophosphite, NaHPO2

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

d. Sodium biphosphate, Na2HPO4

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

P source used in TPN for hypophosphatemia.

a. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4

b. Sodium hypophosphite, NaHPO2

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

d. Sodium biphosphate, Na2HPO4

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

Uses of Sodium dihydrogen phosphate:

a. Systemic acidifier

b. Urinary acidifier

c. Urinary antiseptic

d. a and b

e. b and c

f. All

f. All

Can be used for treatment of UTI and cystitis.

a. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4

b. Sodium hypophosphite, NaHPO2

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

d. Sodium biphosphate, Na2HPO4

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

It can be used as systemic and urinary acidifier with methenamine producing NH3 + formaldehyde (HCHO).

a. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4

b. Sodium hypophosphite, NaHPO2

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

d. Sodium biphosphate, Na2HPO4

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

Phosphate of soda

a. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4

b. Sodium hypophosphite, NaHPO2

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

d. Sodium biphosphate, Na2HPO4

d. Sodium biphosphate, Na2HPO4

Dibasic sodium phosphate

a. Phosphoric acid, H3PO4

b. Sodium hypophosphite, NaHPO2

c. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate, NaH2PO4

d. Sodium biphosphate, Na2HPO4

d. Sodium biphosphate, Na2HPO4

True about Fleet enema except:

a. Monobasic + Dibasic sodium phosphate

b. Saline laxative which is not absorb from the intestine

c. Indirectly lowers Ca levels and favors deposition of Ca and PO4 in bone

d. Treatment for hypercalcemia

e. None

e. None

Very alkaline reaction with water (corrosive) used for cleaning glass apparatus and has mo pharmaceutical use.

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate, Na3PO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate, KH2PO4

d. Calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate, Na3PO4

Known as the Graham's salt which is used as detergent and water softener.

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate, Na3PO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate, KH2PO4

d. Calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

Calgon

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate, Na3PO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate, KH2PO4

d. Calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

Sorensen's Potassium Phosphate

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate, Na3PO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate, KH2PO4

d. Calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate, KH2PO4

True about Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate except:

a. Reagent for various buffers and parenteral fluids

b. Treatment for hypercalcemia

c. Urinary acidifier; treatment for nephrolithiasis or calcific kidney stones

d. None

d. None

True about Monobasic + Dibasic potassium phosphate except:

a. Decrease free Ca excretion in urine thus decrease stone formation

b. Free pyrophosphate ion (Ca chelator) which favor kidney stone dissolution, complex excreted in urine

c. May cause diarrhea

d. None

d. None

Bone ash which is the major component of bone thus the product of cremation. It also antacid.

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate, Na3PO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate, KH2PO4

d. Calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

d. Calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2

Ca2+ electrolyte replenisher recommended salt.

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate, Na3PO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate, KH2PO4

d. Calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

Phosphagel®

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate, Na3PO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate, KH2PO4

d. Calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

Antacid that doesn't interfere with PO4 absorption unlike Al(OH).

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate, Na3PO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate, KH2PO4

d. Calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

Demulcent wherein it forms soothing protective film on mucous membrane.

a. Tribasic sodium phosphate, Na3PO4

b. Sodium polymetaphosphate

c. Monobasic potassium phosphate, KH2PO4

d. Calcium phosphate, Ca3 (PO4 )2

e. Dibasic calcium phosphate

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

f. Aluminum phosphate, AlPO4

As Al increases, P _____.

a. Increases

b. Decreases

c. Stays unaffected

b. Decreases

Boracic acid

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3

b. Sodium tetraborate, Na2B4O7

c. Sodium perborate, NaBO3

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3

Sal sedativum hombergi

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3

b. Sodium tetraborate, Na2B4O7

c. Sodium perborate, NaBO3

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3

Acid that is solid at room temperature

a. Orthoboric acid

b. Acetic acid

c. Perchloric acid

d. Nitric acid

a. Orthoboric acid

Tonicity adjusting agent which is a buffer and used as ophthalmic solution in 2% concentration.

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3

b. Sodium tetraborate, Na2B4O7

c. Sodium perborate, NaBO3

a. Orthoboric acid, H3BO3

True about Boromycin:

a. 1st natural product with Boron

b. From S. antibioticus

c. Anti-HIV in vitro

d. a and b

e. All

e. All

External buffer (NP) e.g., ophthalmic and nasal.

a. Borate buffer system

b. Phosphate buffer system

c. Both

d. None

a. Borate buffer system

Can be used for metal containing preparation.

a. Borate buffer system

b. Phosphate buffer system

c. Both

d. None

a. Borate buffer system

Physiologic buffer e.g., parenteral.

a. Borate buffer system

b. Phosphate buffer system

c. Both

d. None

b. Phosphate buffer system - contains mono and dihydrogen phosphate

Supports microbial growth and precipitate metal ions such as Al, Ag, Zn.

a. Borate buffer system

b. Phosphate buffer system

c. Both

d. None

b. Phosphate buffer system

Borate buffer system except:

a. Feldman's

b. Gifford's

c. Atkin's and Pentin

d. Sorensen's

e. None

d. Sorensen's - this is a phosphate buffer system

Boric acid + Na borate + NaCl

a. Feldman's

b. Gifford's

c. Atkin's and Pentin

d. Sorensen's

a. Feldman's - to make isotonic

Boric acid + Na borate + KCl

a. Feldman's

b. Gifford's

c. Atkin's and Pentin

d. Sorensen's

b. Gifford's - to make hypotonic

Boric acid + Na2CO 3+ NaCl

a. Feldman's

b. Gifford's

c. Atkin's and Pentin

d. Sorensen's

c. Atkin's and Pentin

pH of Feldman's buffer system.

a. 7-8.2

b. 7.6-11

c. 6-7.8

d. 5-9.8

e. 7.35-7.45

a. 7-8.2

pH of Gifford's buffer system.

a. 7-8.2

b. 7.6-11

c. 6-7.8

d. 5-9.8

e. 7.35-7.45

c. 6-7.8