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AP Physics 1 - Unit 1: Kinematics | Test Review
Displacement (Δx)
Change in position of an object. Measured in meters (m).
Velocity (v)
Rate of change of displacement with respect to time. Units: meters per second (m/s).
Slope of Position-Time Graph
Represents velocity. Positive slope indicates forward motion, and negative slope indicates backward motion.
Velocity Equation
where Δx = change in position, Δt = change in time.
Position Equation
where y = position, slope = velocity, x = time, b = y-intercept (initial position).
Displacement Equation
where xf = final position, xi = initial position, v = velocity, t = time.
Graph Analysis - Tumble Buggy Moving Forward from +1m
Graph Characteristics: Positive slope, starting at +1m.
Motion Description: Forward motion with constant velocity.
Graph Analysis - Tumble Buggy Moving Back from 0m
Graph Characteristics: Negative slope, starting at 0m.
Motion Description: Backward motion with constant velocity.
Graph Analysis - Tumble Buggy Moving Backward from -2m
Graph Characteristics: Negative slope, starting at -2m.
Motion Description: Backward motion with constant velocity.
Graph Analysis - Tumble Buggy Changing Direction
Graph Characteristics: Combination of positive and negative slopes, indicating a change in direction.
Motion Description: Initial forward motion, then changes direction to move backward.
Final Velocity Equation
where vf = final velocity, v0 = initial velocity, a = acceleration, t = time.
Displacement Equation (Constant Velocity)
where Δx = displacement, v = velocity, t = time.
Acceleration Definition
Acceleration (a): Rate of change of velocity with respect to time. Measured in meters per second squared (m/s²).
Graph Area as Displacement
Area under Velocity-Time Graph: Represents displacement.
where b = time interval, h = velocity.
Displacement Equation (Constant Acceleration)
where Δx = displacement, v0 = initial velocity, a = acceleration, t = time.
Alternate Formulas for Displacement and Velocity
Uses both initial and final velocities to find displacement.
Equation for Final Velocity Using Displacement
Relates initial and final velocities, acceleration, and displacement.
Free Fall Final Velocity Equation
Vf = V0 - gt
Free Fall Distance Formula
Δy = v0t - (1/2)gt2
Free Fall Final Velocity Formula Without Time
vf2 = v02 - 2gΔy
Gravity Velocity
-10 m/s2
Note 
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