Unit 8 vocab words

vocab.

Geocentric

a person who seeks wisdom and enlightenment; a scholar, a thinker

Consulate

 the government established in France after the overthrow of the directory in 1799  with Napoleon as the first console and control of the entire government

Nationalism

The unique cultural identity of a People based on common language religion and National symbols

Rationalism

a system of thought expounded by Rene Descartes based on the belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge

Popular Sovereignty

the right to govern through the consent of people 

Deism

An 18th century religious philosophy based on reason and natural law

Estate

A landed property with a large house;  one of the three classes into which French society was divided before the Revolution: the Clergy( First Estate)  the Nobles( second estate)  and the townspeople( Third Estate)

Empiricism

The act of setting free 

Taille

An annual direct tax usually on land or property that provided a regular source of income for the French monarch

Separation of Powers

A form of government in which the Executive legislative and judicial branches limit and control each other through a system of checks and balances

Federal System

A form of government in which power is shared between the national and state governments 

Heliocentric

sun-centered; the system of the universe in which the earth and planets revolve around the sun 

Scientific Method

A systematic procedure for collecting and analyzing evidence that was crucial to the evolution of science in the modern world 

 Coup d’état

A sudden overthrow of the government

Bourgeoisie

The middle class including Merchants industrialists and professional people

Liberalism

A political philosophy originally based largely on enlightenment principles holding that the people should be as free as possible from government restraint and that civil liberties the -basic rights of all people- should be protected

Laissez-Faire

The concept that the state should not impose government regulations but should leave the economy alone 

Conservatism

 a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability favoring obedience to political Authority in organized religion 

Social Contract

Self proposed by Rousseau Yvette an entire Society agrees to be governed by its General will and all individuals should be forced to abide by the general will since it represents what is best for the entire community 

Salons

Elegant Urban drawing rooms where, in the 18th century writers, artists,aristocrats, Government officials and Wealthy middle class people gathered to discuss the ideas of the philosophies

Philosophe

french for the philosopher; applied to all intellectuals during the enlightenment