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What two major things influence personality traits? Explain their influence
Genes: Parents may pass down certain personality traits
Environment: What you’re surrounded by can affect your personality
What does Ocean Stand for?
Openness: Level of creativeness and responsiveness to change
Conscietiousness: Level of organization and attention to detail
Extroversion: Level of socialness and emotional exspressiveness
Agreableness: Level with interest of others and coperativeness
Natural Reactions: Level of emotional stability and moodiness, especially in difficult situations
Define Self-esteem
How you see yourself and your opinion of yourself
What are examples of someone with high and low self-esteem?
High self-esteem: Accepting yourself, realistic expectations, positive attitude
Low self-esteem: You criticize yourself, you go above and beyond to please people, you focus more on your weaknesses
Define defense mechanism
Unconscious psychological responses that protect people from feelings of anxiety, threats to self-esteem, and things that they don’t want to think about or deal with.
Define Primary emotions
Emotions expresed by people in all culture
Define Learned emotions
Emotions that you get based on the social environment you grow up in
What are the primary emotions? Why do we identify them as such?
Hapiness, Sadness, Anger, and fear. We I dentity them as such because they are the primary foundation to other emotions.
What are learned emotions? What is different about them?
Learned emotions are like love, guilt, and shame that you feel from others. They differ depending on your social environment.
Define these 6 defense mechanisms…
Projection
Reaction formation
Rationalization
Regression
Denial
Compensation
Projection: Assigning your own unacceptable feelings or qualities to others
Reaction formation: Behaving in a way opposite to the way you feel
Rationalization: Justifying an unacceptable feeling or behavior with logic
Regression: Returning to immature behaviors to express emotions
Denial: Denying that something exists
Compensation: Making up for weaknesses in one area by excelling in another
Define Stress
A physical and emotional response to a perceived threat or challenge
What are the stages of stress? Be able to describe them.
Alarm Stage - Adrenaline released into the blood causes immediate changes in the body.
2. Resistance Stage - Your body adapts to the continued presence of the stressor
3. Exhaustion Stage - Physical and emotional resources are depleted
Classify the signs of stress in these categories… Body, Mood, and Behaviour
How can stres contribute to ilness?
Stress can trigger certain ilnesses like stomach aches, asthma, and headaches
Stress can reduce the ability to fight an ilness like cold and flus
Stress can make some diseases harder to control like cancer
Prolonges stress can lead to heart disease
Define optimism
The tendency to focus on the positives of the situation.
Define Pessimism
The tendency to focus on the negative and expect the worst
Define Perfectionist
A percon who accpets nothing less than excellence
Define resilience
The ability to recover or “bounce back" from extreme or prolonged stress
Define procrastination
The habit of delaying or avoiding tasks that need to be done
What is the key factor in how you react to a stressor? What else influences your response to stress?
The key factor in how you react to a stressor is how you assess the situation. Your personality can influence your assessment on the situation.
What are some ways a person can build resilience?
Ways to improve your resilience is relationships, know yourself, and bild goals.
What are some healthy ways to manage stress?
Take control of stress, reduce tension, change your thinking.
Define Stigma
Attaching negative qualities to mental disorders
Define Mental distress
The brain’s expected and usual response to everyday life
Define mental disorder
The brain is not functioning as it is supposed to function, leading to significant and persistent problems in a person’s everyday life
Define clinical depression
mood disorder that affects how a person feels, thinks, and handles daily activities
Define Anxiety
Physiological and psychological response that occurs when the mind and body encounter stressful, dangerous, or unfamiliar situations.
Define Grief
a natural emotional response to loss – can affect people mentally, emotionally, and physically.
Describe the three mental health states
Mental Distress: The brain’s expected and usual response to everyday life
Mental Health Problem: The brain’s response to a severe or persistent life problem
Mental Disorder: The brain is not functioning as it is supposed to function, leading to significant and persistent problems in a person’s everyday life
Be able to list ways you can help a friend who is thinking about suicide?
Listen to them, Be there for them, Help with what they need.
What are the three major causes of mental disorders? Be able to five an example of each.
Biological: Genetic influences from your brain like from your parent.
Physcological: These refer to how a person’s thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, including their coping mechanisms, can affect mental health.
Environmental: These include external conditions such as life experiences, socioeconomic status, family dynamics, and exposure to stressors like abuse, poverty, or neglect.
List signs of someone dealing with clinical depression.
◦Feeling sad and hopeless
◦Unable to enjoy activities that were once a source of pleasure
◦May be unable to accomplish daily tasks