Unit 1 Key People

Anne Hutchinson

- Said that worshippers didn’t need the church or ministers to interpret the bible for them.
- Banished from Massachusetts in 1638.
- Went to Rhode Island.
- After Husband’s death, moved with her kids to New Netherland (now New York).
- Died in a war fought between Dutch and Natives.
- Said God talked to her.
- A little coo coo.

Ben Franklin

- founding father
- helped draft the declaration of independence

James Oglethorpe

- Founded Georgia in 1733
- British general
- believed that oppressed members of religious sects deserved refuge.
- wanted georgia bc of the unemployed ppl in England.

John Rolfe

- the first person to cultivate tobacco in Virginia 1611.
- married Pocahontas to gain help from quiakros with tobacco crops.

John Smith

- Sensed trouble from start
- Warned of disaster
- One of the 38 remaining colonists alive in 1607.
- Forced colonists to farm
- Persuaded Powhatan people to provide food.
- Stray spark ignited in his gunpowder bag and set him on fire. Had to head back to England and left Jamestown to fend for itself.
- Established the first known colony (Jamestown).

John Winthrop

- First Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
- leading by example
- “City on a hill”
- Power limited to puritans
- Puritan minister
- Had unlimited power/authority

Jonathan Edwards

- american theologian and congregational clergyman.
- sermons stirred relgious revival called "The Great Awakening"
- known for "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" sermon.
- prominent minister.

Lord Baltimore

- governor of Maryland for 42 years.
- Wanted to establish a refuge for England's catholic population

Peter Stuyvesant

- son of a Calvinist minister.
- last dutch colonial officer who served as the last dutch director-general of New Netherland from 1647 till ceded by English.

Pocahontas

- Powhatan
- married John Rolfe
- helped maintain a good relationship between her father and the Jamestown colonists.
- first powhatan Indian to convert to Christianity.

Roger Williams

- Young minister
- Beliefs made him flee to avoid being sent back to England.
- Said the Puritan Church had too much power.
- FOUNDED THE IDEA THAT THE CHURCH AND GOVERNMENT SHOULD BE SEPARATE.
- Should be religious toleration.

Sir Edmund Andros

- picked by King James to rule New England.
- veteran military officer from aristocratic english family,
- had lots of enemies.
- questioned puritans
- smugglers would be killed and Navigation Acts would be enforced.

Thomas Hooker

- BETTER THAN WINTHROP
- Wrote fundamental orders of connecticut.
- Written bc of the things he saw John Winthrop do.
- Believed that John Winthrop’s rule was too strong, and more people should have more religious and political freedom.
- Puritan Minister
- Said all men who owned land could vote (even not puritan)
- Limited the power of the governor

Thomas Jefferson

- 3rd US president
- founding father
- principal author of the declaration of independence
- had 600 slaves

William Penn

- Pennsylvania!!!
- Childhood friend of Charles II.
- Quaker
- He goes to Charles and says he should create a new colony that allows Quakers to practice their religious beliefs.
- Drafts the frame of government of PA.
- Thinks of PA as a holy experiment.
- Believed in religious freedom and natives should be treated with respect.
- Believed colonists should pay for land taken from Natives.