Unit 1 Key People

Anne Hutchinson

• Said that worshippers didn’t need the church or ministers to interpret the bible for them.

• Banished from Massachusetts in 1638.

• Went to Rhode Island.

• After Husband’s death, moved with her kids to New Netherland (now New York).

• Died in a war fought between Dutch and Natives.

• Said God talked to her.

• A little coo coo.

Ben Franklin

• founding father

• helped draft the declaration of independence

James Oglethorpe

• Founded Georgia in 1733

• British general

• believed that oppressed members of religious sects deserved refuge.

• wanted georgia bc of the unemployed ppl in England.

John Rolfe

• the first person to cultivate tobacco in Virginia 1611.

• married Pocahontas to gain help from quiakros with tobacco crops.

John Smith

• Sensed trouble from start

• Warned of disaster

• One of the 38 remaining colonists alive in 1607.

• Forced colonists to farm

• Persuaded Powhatan people to provide food.

• Stray spark ignited in his gunpowder bag and set him on fire. Had to head back to England and left Jamestown to fend for itself.

• Established the first known colony (Jamestown).

John Winthrop

• First Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony.

• leading by example

• “City on a hill”

• Power limited to puritans

• Puritan minister

• Had unlimited power/authority

Jonathan Edwards

• american theologian and congregational clergyman.

• sermons stirred relgious revival called "The Great Awakening"

• known for "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God" sermon.

• prominent minister.

Lord Baltimore

• governor of Maryland for 42 years.

• Wanted to establish a refuge for England's catholic population

Peter Stuyvesant

• son of a Calvinist minister.

• last dutch colonial officer who served as the last dutch director-general of New Netherland from 1647 till ceded by English.

Pocahontas

• Powhatan

• married John Rolfe

• helped maintain a good relationship between her father and the Jamestown colonists.

• first powhatan Indian to convert to Christianity.

Roger Williams

• Young minister

• Beliefs made him flee to avoid being sent back to England.

• Said the Puritan Church had too much power.

• FOUNDED THE IDEA THAT THE CHURCH AND GOVERNMENT SHOULD BE SEPARATE.

• Should be religious toleration.

Sir Edmund Andros

• picked by King James to rule New England.

• veteran military officer from aristocratic english family,

• had lots of enemies.

• questioned puritans

• smugglers would be killed and Navigation Acts would be enforced.

Thomas Hooker

• BETTER THAN WINTHROP

• Wrote fundamental orders of connecticut.

• Written bc of the things he saw John Winthrop do.

• Believed that John Winthrop’s rule was too strong, and more people should have more religious and political freedom.

• Puritan Minister

• Said all men who owned land could vote (even not puritan)

• Limited the power of the governor

Thomas Jefferson

• 3rd US president

• founding father

• principal author of the declaration of independence

• had 600 slaves

William Penn

• Pennsylvania!!!

• Childhood friend of Charles II.

• Quaker

• He goes to Charles and says he should create a new colony that allows Quakers to practice their religious beliefs.

• Drafts the frame of government of PA.

• Thinks of PA as a holy experiment.

• Believed in religious freedom and natives should be treated with respect.

• Believed colonists should pay for land taken from Natives.