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67 Terms

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developed democracy
a country with institutionalized democracy and a high level of economic development
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modern
characterized as secular, rational, materialistic, technological, and bureaucratic and placing a greater emphasis on individual freedom than in the past
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post modern
characterized as a set of values that center on quality of life considerations and give less attention to material gain
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intergovernmental system
a system in which two or more countries cooperate on issues
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supranational system
an intergovernmental system with its own sovereign powers over member states
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Basic law
Germany's current constitution
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Bundesrat
the upper house of Germany's legislature
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Bunderstag
the lower house of Germany's legislature
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catchall parties
parties that attempt to attract voters of of all classes and are therefore generally centrist in their platform
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Christian democratic union
Germany's largest Conservative party
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codetermination
the system requiring unions occupy half of all seats on the boards of directors of Germany's largest private firms
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federal chancellor
Germany's prime minister and head of government
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Federal constitutional court
The powerful court that interprets Germany's basic law
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Federal president
the indirectly elected largely ceremonial head of state
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Federal republic of Germany
the official name of the democratic West Germany during the postwar division of Germany
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free democratic party
a small centrist party that has often formed part of governing coalitions
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Gastarbeiter
the German term for guest worker or foreign workers allowed to reside temporarily to provide much needed labor
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German democratic republic
the official name of Communist east Germany during the postwar division of Germany
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The Greens
Germany's environmentalist party
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Adolf Hitler
the Nazi leader during the third reich who led Germany to defeat in ww2
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Lander
German states
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The left
The party furthest to the left out of all Germany's major parties; an alliance of leftist social democrats and remnants of former east German communists
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Angela Merkel
Germany's conservative chancellor as of 2017
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minister-president
the governor of a German state
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natinal socialist party
Hitlers fascist nazi party
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Prussia
the most powerful German state before reunification
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reich
the German word for empire
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reunification
the 1990 integration of east and west Germany
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socialist democratic party
Germany's oldest party located on the center left
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social market economy
the term used in Germany to describe the country's capitalist economy with strong social democratic features
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Third reich
the name hitler gave to his fascist totalitarian regime
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Weimar republic
Germany's first democratic republic, the collapse led to the rise of hitler
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Germany's legislative/executive system
parlimentry
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mixed single member districts and proportional representation
electoral system for the lower house
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709
members in the Bundestag
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69
members in the Bundesrat
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public debt
63%
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Shinzo abe
conservative national liberal democratic party politician and two time prime minister
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Abenomics
Prime minister Abe's three pronged plan for economic recovery including monetary easing, fiscal stimulus, and structural reform
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administrative guidance
extralegal policy directives from government officials to private sector
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amakudari
"descent from heaven" , retiring Japanese senior bureaucrats take up positions in corporations or run for political office
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article 9
the clause in Japans postwar constitution that requires Japan to renounce the right to wage war; also known as the peace clause
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capatalist developmental state
Japan's neo-mercantilist state, which has embraced both private property and state economic intervention
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democratic party of Japan
Social democratic party in government from 2009 -12; formed the merger of reform-minded opposition parties in 1998 and reformed as the democratic party after a subsequent 2016 merger
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Diet
Japan's bicameral parliament
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house of councillors
the upper and weaker chamber of Japan's Parliament
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industrial policy
government measures designed to promote economic and industrial development
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iron triangle
a term describing the Conservative alliances among Japan's bureaucrat elites, conservative politicians and big business executives
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Yurikio Koike
Japan's first female governor of Tokyo, also the founder of the party of hope
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Komeito
a minor political party and LDP coalition partner founded and supported by lay members of Buddhist religious movement Soka Gakkai
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Douglas MacArthur
Us general who presided over the 7 year occupation of Japan
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Meiji Oligarchs
the vanguard of junior samurai who led Japan's 19th century modernization drive
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Meiji restoration
Japan's 1867-68 revolution from above, which launched Japans modernization in the name of the Meiji emperor
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pork barrel projects
government appropriation or other policy supplying funds for local improvements to integrate legislatures with their constituents
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rich country strong military
the mercantilist slogan promoting Japan's 19th century modernization efforts
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self defense force
Japans military, ostensibly permitted only defensive capacity
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shogun
a dominant lord in feudal Japan
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Taishio democracy
the era of democratization in Japan ( 1918-1931
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Tokogawua
the military clan that unified and ruled Japan from the 17th-19th century
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twisted diet
the situation in which no party or coalition of parties controls both chambers of Japan's Parliament
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465 seats
seats in the house of Representatives , directly elected in single and multiple districts
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245 seats
seats in the house of councillors, elected by single majority and single proportional representation
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authoritarinism
a political system in which a small group of individuals exercise power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public
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nondemocratic regimes
a political regime that is controlled by a small group of individuals who exercise power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public
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totalitarianism
a nondemocratic regime that is highly centralized, possessing some form of strong ideology that seeks to transform and absorb fundamental aspects of the state, society, and the economy using a wide array of institutions
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resource curse
theory of development in which the existence of natural resources in a state is a barrier to modernization and democracy
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populaism
a political view that does not have a constant ideological foundation, but that emphasizes hostility towards elites and established state and economic institutions and favors greater power in the hands of the public