Systematic Biology (Taxonomy) - Fill-in-the-Blank Flashcards

Flashcards covering taxonomy basics, Linnaeus, binomial nomenclature, domains, kingdoms, and evolutionary evidence with fill-in-the-blank prompts.

Systematic Biology (Taxonomy) is the branch of biology that deals with the study of __.

classification system and nomenclature of organisms.

Taxonomy is the study of the of living organisms.

classification

Classification is the arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their .

similarities

Classification is also known as __.

taxonomy

Taxonomists are scientists that & name organisms.

identify

The first taxonomist was __.

Aristotle

Aristotle divided organisms into & .

plants and animals

Aristotle classified animal species in his work the History of .

Animals

Theophrastus wrote Historia de Plantis, a work on .

plants

Linnaeus developed the naming system still used today, called __.

binomial nomenclature

Linnaeus identified each organism by using a combination of its and name.

Genus and Species

The genus name is a Latinized ; the species name is a Latin .

noun; adjective

In binomial nomenclature, the genus name is capitalized, while the species name is .

not capitalized

In print, binomial names are typically .

italicized

The most general taxon is __.

Domain

The most specific taxon is __.

Species

The complete classification of humans is: Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Chordata, Class Mammalia, Order Primates, Family Hominidae, Genus Homo, Species .

Sapiens

The International Code for Binomial Nomenclature contains the rules for naming organisms. All names must be approved by .

International Naming Congresses (International Zoological Congress)

This prevents names.

duplicated

A taxon (taxa plural) is a into which related organisms are placed.

category

There is a hierarchy of groups (taxa) from broadest to most .

specific

There are three domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and .

Eukarya

Archaea live in environments and may represent the first cells to have evolved.

harsh

Eubacteria are present in almost all on earth.

habitats

Eubacteria live in the of animals.

intestines

Historically, the number of kingdoms in classifications has grown from to six.

two

Phylogenetic research from about 2000 onwards does not support any of the traditional .

systems

Protista: Most are ; Some are .

unicellular; multicellular

Fungi are multicellular, except .

yeast

Cell walls of Fungi are made of .

chitin

Fungi are absorptive that digest food outside their body and then absorb it.

heterotrophs

Plantae are .

multicellular

Plants perform to make glucose.

photosynthesis

Cell walls in Plantae are made of .

cellulose

Animalia are and ingestive heterotrophs.

multicellular

They feed on or .

plants or animals

Basis for Modern Taxonomy includes homologous structures and .

Comparative Anatomy

Similar embryo development provides evidence for .

evolution

Molecular similarity in DNA, RNA, or amino acid sequences supports .

evolution

Similarities in vertebrate embryos also support .

evolution

Biochemical evidence for evolution shows among species.

similarities in amino acid sequences

Dichotomous keys are used to identify organisms; Characteristics are given in .

pairs

In a dichotomous key, you read both characteristics and either go to another set or the organism.

identify

In a dichotomous key, you progress by choosing between two contrasting .

characteristics