Ideologies & Revolutions: 1815-1848 & Romanticism REQUIRED QUIZ TERMS

Ideologies

System of ideas and ideals; especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.

Conservatism

commitment to traditional values and ideas with opposition to fast change; supports monarchy and established church

Klemens von Metternich

(1773-1859); served as the Austrian Empire's Foreign Minister from 1809 and Chancellor from 1821 until 1848; where he was forced to resign after the Revolution of 1848

Classical liberalism

political ideology that values the freedom of individuals; freedom of religion,speech, press, assembly, and limited government are included.

universal manhood suffrage

form of voting rights where all adult males in a political system are allowed to vote no matter their income, property, religion, race,etc.

Nationalists

a person with strong patriotic feelings, especially one who believes in the superiority of their country over others.

Autonomy

self-governing country or region.
plural noun: autonomies

radicals

person who advocates thorough or complete political or social reform

Revolutions of 1830

overthrow of King Charles X, the French Bourbon monarch, and the ascent of his cousin Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans

Louis Philippe, ―Bourgeoisie King

He spent 21 years in exile after he left France in 1793. He was proclaimed king in 1830 after his cousin Charles X was forced to abdicate in the wake of the events of the July Revolution of that year

Recession

A significant decline in activity across the economy, lasting long than a few months.

February Revolution

Known as such because of Russia's use of the Julian calendar. Riots and strikes over the short supply of food in Petrograd (now St. Petersburg)

―June Days Revolution

A civil uprising in Paris in the early days of the Second Republic. The government instituted many radical reforms.

Second French Republic

est. After the Revolution of 1848 toppled the July Monarchy of King Louis-Philippe. The liberal republicans' hopes of establishing an enduring democratic regime were soon frustrated.

Napoleon III

was the only President of the French Second Republic and, as Napoleon III, the Emperor of the Second French Empire. He was the nephew and heir of Napoleon I.

Revolutions of 1848

series of republican revolts against European monarchies, beginning in Sicily, and spreading to France, Germany, Italy, and the Austrian Empire. They all ended in failure and repression, and were followed by widespread disillusionment among liberals.

Louis Kossuth

A Hungarian political leader, Kossuth led the Hungarian Revolution of 1848-1849, acting as the symbol of Magyar nationalism. Russia intervened in Kossuth's Hungarian affairs, forcing Kossuth to flee Hungary on August 11, 1849 and stay in Turkey for two years. He died at 92 on March 20, 1894, buried in Budapest.

Frederick William IV

Born October 15, 1795 and died January 2, 1861. He was the king of Prussia from 1840 until 1861, contributing to the start of the Revolution of 1848 with his conservative policies.

Frankfurt Parliament/Assembly

Existed from May 1848 to June 1849. Tried to create a united German state during the Revolutions of 1848 but failed.

Lord Byron

a British poet, politician, and a leading figure in the Romantic movement. Among his best-known works are the lengthy narrative poems, Don Juan and Childe Harold's Pilgrimage

Victor Hugo

Was a French poet, novelist, and dramatist of the Romantic revolt he also evoked the turbulent history

Ludwig van Beethoven

a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential of all composers

Charles Dickens

A English writer and social critic. He created some of the world's best-known fictional characters and is regarded by many as the greatest novelist of the Victorian era

Gustave Courbet

a French painter who led the Realist movement in 19th-century French painting.

Louis Daguerre

a French artist and photographer, recognized for his invention of the daguerreotype process of photography

Impressionism

A 19th-century art movement characterized by relatively small, thin, yet visible brush strokes, open composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities.

Claude Monet

a founder of French Impressionist painting, and the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movement's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions before nature, especially as applied to plein-air landscape painting.

Vincent van Gogh

Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who is among the most famous and influential figures in the history of Western art.

Holy Alliance

The name given to the treaty signed on September 26, 1815, in Paris by the monarchs of Austria, Prussia, and Russia. Its maker and prime mover was Tsar Alexander I. In 1815 after the downfall of Napoleon, Alexander was at the height of his powers.