Finals_Contemporary World

Developmental patterns; wealth distributions; emerging economic situations

The world is traditionally divided geographically into continents; however, other representations exist based on: 

Three

The division between Global North and South is also shaped by? The answer here is how many (answer in words), but answer it on your own

Global north

These are nations with greater wealth, technological advancement, and economically stable. Give countries that are considered to be economically stable (answer it on your own)

Global south

It represents the developing and underdeveloped nations. Give examples (answer it on your own)

Global north

Characterized by a high Human Development Index

Global south

Countries in this group have lower HDI scores, reflection the challenges in the nation's economic growth, infrastructure, and overall social welfare

Gross domestic product

Meaning of GDP

Human development index 

Meaning of HDI

Colonialism and imperialism

The root of the North-South divide can be traced back to centuries of? (don’t include the two numbers)

Global south

European powers established colonies in the [blank] , exploiting resources and labor for their economic gain. 

Underdeveloped

The exploitation created by colonialism generated significant wealth for the colonizers while leaving the colonized regions still [blank]

Global north

[Blank] established trade restrictions and unequal economic relationships further deepening the divide between north and south. 

Global south

It served as a source of cheap raw materials and labor for the global north

Unequal trade relationships

The GN often imposes trade barriers and protectionist policies, limiting market access from the GS; The GN floods GS markets with subsidized goods

Unequal trade relationships

It hinders industrial development and economic diversification in the Global South

Foreign direct investment

What does FDI mean? Describe how the Global North is interacting with FDI and its impact on the Global South (answer on your own)

Social and political inequalities

The Global South faces challenges such as limited access to education, healthcare, clean water, and sanitation, which result in higher rates of poverty, malnutrition, and disease. The lack of social development opportunities restricts social mobility, perpetuating poverty across generations

Political power imbalances

Global governance institutions like the UN Security Council, World Bank, and IMF centralize power with the Global North, reflecting post-WWII power structures. This imbalance limits the Global South's ability to influence policies addressing their needs, perpetuating disparities in decision-making and global governance.

Three

How many reasons are there for the countries in the North to be considered MEDCs? (answer in words, then explain it on your own)

1. Stable

2. Better access

3. Contributor

Unstable government, poor economy, low standard of living and quality of life, low GDP and low HDI

Countries in the South are considered Less Economically Developed Countries due to various economic and social challenges including?

(you may use acronym for the last 2 reasons but include the “l” word

First world countries

It refers to countries aligned with the United States and its allies, advocating democracy, capitalism, free markets, private ownership, and individual freedoms (reiterate the 5 countries, answer on your own)

Second world countries

It consisted of nations aligned with the USSR, following Marxist and socialist principles, with systems focused on collective ownership, central planning, and equality (reiterate 3 examples, answer on your own)

Third world countries

It refers to non-aligned, underdeveloped nations with unstable political and economic conditions. Historically exploited during colonialism, these countries were often reduced to suppliers of raw materials and markets for First World goods (reiterate the 3 countries, answer on your own)

Developing world

Widely used in the 80s to refer to states that were previously categorized as part of the third world who found themselves the necessity and means to grapple with the economic realities at the demise of the Cold War

Asian tigers

Have consistently maintained high levels of economic growth since the 1960s, and have collectively joined the ranks of the world's wealthiest nations fueled by exports and rapid industrialization (reiterate the 4 countries, answer on your own)

Magallanes

The term Global South is historically decontextualized, as it overlooks critical variables that differentiate countries. These include historical, economic, social, cultural, and political factors, among others

South-south cooperation

The increasing collaboration among developing countries, which diverted from being a marginalized concept to becoming a binding development strategy

Projected growth

By 2030, 80% of the world’s middle class will reside in developing countries, which signals the economic rise of the Global South (under which topic does this belong? answer on your own)

Elite behavior

The influence of political and economic elites forms national development strategies and outcomes

Regional integration

Cooperation among developing countries strengthens regional economies and enhances collective growth

Global market position

A country’s function in the global economy - its trade relationships and market access - defines its development potential

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa

BRICS stands for?

United Nations

Who developed the Millennium Development of Goals?

Alpha city or World center

Global city is also called an? (two answers, put or)

Global city

Serves as a critical hub for business, finance, trade, and cultural exchange within a globalized world. It is defined by its strategic geographic location, which allows it to serve as a central point for global financial and economic networks

Saskia Sassen

A pioneer and expert in Global City studies. Argued that cities like New York and Tokyo have evolved into critical nodes

Global city

It serve as central nodes in global networks, hubs for decision-making, communication, and capital movement

Global city

Attract skilled professionals but also generate demand for low-wage service workers, often migrants, who face exploitation and precarious conditions

Migration

The creation of global cities is an integral part of globalization. These cities serve as hubs for business, politics, and cultural exchange, attracting migrants seeking better employment opportunities and a higher quality of life

Civil conflict and insecurity

Primacy causes of asylum-seeking (two answers)

Brain drain

Developing countries lose skilled professionals to emigration. For example, more African scientists and engineers work in the U.S. than in Africa (IOM)

Four

How many economic reasons are there for migration? (answer this in words, then explain it in your own)

Three

How many environmental reasons are there for migration? (answer in words, then explain in your own)

Push factors

What drives people to leave the country; Occurs within states that send migrants abroad; Focuses on the negative aspects of the sending country

Pull factors

Attract people to go to that country; Occurs within receiving states that receive immigrants from sending states; Focuses on the positive aspects of the receiving country 

Migration and globalization

Advancements in transportation and communication have significantly facilitated migration, driven by push and pull factors. This movement has led to the blending of diverse races and nationalities, making nation-states more dynamic and globally attractive.

Diaspora

A community of people is dispersed or scattered from their native territory and settles in another geographic location (you may expand the concept on your own)

False

Migration patterns are not influenced by global factors such as natural catastrophes, climatic change, and globalization (True or False)

True

Diasporas, or immigrant groups with a close connection to their native nation, are recognized as key contributors to development in their native countries and globally (True or False)

False

Irregular migration does not pose risks to migrants, including exploitation, abuse, and human trafficking (True or False)

True

Conflict, persecution, and disasters drive forced displacement, creating global humanitarian, social, and economic challenge (True or False)

True

Integrating migrants into host societies poses challenges like cultural differences, language barriers, discrimination, and unequal opportunities (True or False)

Brain drain

Refers to the emigration of highly skilled individuals from their home countries

Brain gain

Occurs when migration benefits both origin and destination countries through remittances, knowledge transfer, and transnational networks

False

Climate change and environmental factors do not influence migration patterns (True or False)

Bonus

How does migration contribute to the economy and innovation? (answer: Bonus, just explain it in your own words)

Bonus

How does migration contribute to cultural exchange and diversity? (answer: Bonus, just explain it in your own words)

Sustainability

There is no universal definition for this term; It is viewed differently based on its nature and the means to achieve or possess it; All emphasized one thing: the importance of natural environment conservation

Ordinary people

Sustainability is something everyone can work towards. Mundane activities that result in a positive long-term impact on the environment (whose perspective?)

Governmental

Sustainability focuses on creating conditions where humans and nature coexist in harmony, meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (whose perspective?)

Intergenerational

Sense of responsibility and justice as factors to consider (what framework?)

The earth charter

Outlined principles for a just, sustainable, and peaceful global society (economic growth) 

Eight

How many Millennium Developmental goals are there? (answer in words then explain it on your own) bawal madaya! reiterate lahat HAHAHAHA

17

How many sustainable development goals are there? (answer in numbers)

Funding

Despite successful implementation, the SDGs still face challenges, such as issues in coordination, [blank], and ensuring inclusivity across diverse regions

Black’s law

A citizen is “a person who, by birth or naturalization, is a member of a political community, owing allegiance to the community and being entitled to enjoy its civil rights and protection.” 

State’s role

Provide citizens with protection from physical harm and ensure the exercise of human rights

Citizen’s duty

Show allegiance to the state and obey its laws

Global citizenship

A concept that encompasses a sense of belonging to a global community and recognizing the responsibilities and obligations that come with it

Love you

What are the key aspects of global food security? (answer: Love you, then explain it on your own)

love u too bebi HAHAHHAHAAHHA CRINGE zowrey

Mwa

What are the dimensions of global citizenship? (answer: Mwa, then explain it on your own)

Bonus

Why are SDGs important? (Answer: Bonus, then explain it on your own)

Global citizenship’s limitation

It cannot be fully realized due to global inequalities, power imbalances, economic fluctuations, chaotic political systems, and the unequal distribution of resources

Barrier to realization

These issues hinder individuals' ability to fully embrace and attain global citizenship

Digital divide

Despite technological advancements, parts of the world remain disconnected, left behind in accessing information and communication technologies

Love you babe, you’re doing great! I’m proud of u