Unit Review: Renaissance to Exploration

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City-states had grown wealthy from trade and could fund artists

Major reason that the Renaissance began in Italy

Characteristic of Renaissance in Europe

Emphasizing the importance of human potential and achievements

Humanists

focused on "classicism", so they studied the cultural achievements of the Greeks and Romans

Leonardo da Vinci

Considered the ultimate example of a "Renaissance Man" because he was a great painter, sculptor, architect, scientists, and inventor

Similarity of Roman Empire & Italian Renaissance

both included periods of numerous cultural achievements

City-state of Florence

It became a center of trade and the birthplace of the Renaissance.

Effect of the increase of trade

caused the growth of towns and cities in Europe

Cause of Protestant Reformation

Corruption among officials of the Catholic Church

Martin Luther

Disagreed with the sale of indulgences by the Roman Catholic Church

Effect of Protestant Reformation

Decline in the power of the Roman Catholic Church

Printing Press

An advancement in technology revolutionized the way ideas were spread in Western Europe in the 15th century

Renaissance's influence on Protestant Reformation

New ideas in art, literature and science led people to question other aspects of life.

Scientific Revolution

time period where Europeans began a new way of thinking about the natural world and sciences (like biology, astronomy, physics, anatomy)

Nicolaus Copernicus

heliocentric model of the universe

Johannes Kepler

planets move in elliptical orbits

Galileo Galilei

use of telescope to observe the moon

Isaac Newton

theory of gravity

Renaissance

increased a desire for trade in Europe

Reasons for Exploration (by Europeans)

-They desired new sources of wealth
-They wanted to increase their power and prestige
-They wanted to spread Christianity

Effect of Age of Exploration

The introduction of European diseases led to the deaths of millions of Native Americans

Missionaries

brought by explorers to help spread Christianity, who focused on converting non-Christians

Absolute Monarchy

government where one king/queen holds all the power in a country

Magna Carta

important in England because it limited the power of the English monarchy