The Lymphatic System

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture on the lymphatic system, focusing on its structures, functions, and components.

Lymphatic System

A part of the circulatory system and immune response.

Cisterna Chyli

A dilated lymphatic sac that serves as a convergence point for lymphatic trunks.

Lymph Nodes

Small, bean-shaped structures that filter lymph and contain immune cells.

Lymph

A clear, transparent fluid that consists of interstitial fluid, proteins, and waste from the body's tissues.

Afferent Lymphatics

Vessels that bring unfiltered lymph into the lymph nodes.

Efferent Lymphatics

Vessels that carry filtered lymph out of the lymph nodes.

Primary Lymphatic Organs

Organs where lymphocytes are produced and mature; includes thymus and red bone marrow.

Secondary Lymphatic Organs

Organs that filter lymph and assist in immune responses; includes spleen and tonsils.

Helper T Cells

CD4+ cells that act as 'generals' of the immune system, coordinating the response to infections.

B-Lymphocytes

Cells that mature in the bone marrow and are responsible for producing antibodies.

T-Lymphocytes

Cells that mature in the thymus and are involved in cell-mediated immunity.

Lymphatic Capillaries

Tiny, thin-walled vessels that collect lymph from tissues.

Plasma Cells

Differentiated B-cells that secrete large amounts of antibodies.

Thymus

An organ involved in the maturation of T-cells and regulation of immune function.

Inflammation

A localized response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain.

Cytokines

Signaling proteins released by immune cells that mediate and regulate immunity and inflammation.

Chyle

Milky fluid that contains absorbed fats from the intestines, transported through lymphatic vessels.

Innate Immunity

The natural defense mechanisms present at birth, including physical barriers and immune cells.

Acquired Immunity

Immunity that develops through exposure to pathogens, involving B and T cells.

Macrophages

Large phagocytic cells that engulf and digest cellular debris and pathogens.

Pathogen

Any organism that can cause disease, such as bacteria and viruses.