Criminalistics - Chapter 3

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Last updated 4:56 PM on 1/16/26
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11 Terms

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identification
the process of determining a substance's physical or chemical identity
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individual characteristics
properties of evidence that can be attributed to a common source with an extremely high degree of certainty
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class characteristics
properties of evidence that can be associated only with a group and never a single source
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product rule
overall frequency of occurrence of for a genetic profile
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the value of class physical evidence
lies in its ability to corroborate events with data in a manner that is free of human error and bias
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rapid DNA
a process for developing DNA profiles from a buccal swab that are compatible with a CODIS search
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IAFIS
a national fingerprint and criminal history database
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CODIS
system to exchange and compare DNA profiles
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NIBIN
system to acquire, digitize, and compare markings made by a firearm on bullets and cartridge casings
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PDQ
system of chemical and color information of automotive paints
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SICAR
system for comparing and identifying shoe prints