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distance
total length moved irrespective of direction
displacement
distance in a certain direction
speed
change in distance per unit time
velocity
change in displacement per unit time
acceleration
change in velocity per unit time
rate of change of velocity
linear momentum
the product of mass and velocity
force
rate of change of momentum
the product of mass and acceleration
moment of a force (about a point)
the product of force and the perpendicular distance of (line of action of) the force from the point
torque of a couple
the product of one of the forces and the perpendicular distance between the forces
density
mass per unit of volume of a substance
pressure
force per unit area
power
work done per unit time
energy transferred per unit time
the product of current and voltage
stress
force/cross sectional area
strain
extension/original length
the Young modulus
stress/strain
(electric) potential difference
work done per unit charge
energy transferred from electrical form to other forms per unit charge
resistance
potential difference per unit current
electromotive force (e.m.f.)
energy transferred per unit charge in driving charge around a complete circuit
Newton’s 1st law of motion
if a body is at rest, it remains at rest, or if it is in motion, it moves with a uniform velocity until it is acted on by resultant force or torque
Newton’s 2nd law of motion
the rate of change of momentum of a body is proportional to the resultant force and occurs in the direction of force; F=ma
Newton’s 3rd law of motion
if a body A exerts a force on a body B, then body B exerts an equal but opposite force on body A, forming an action-reaction pair
principle of conservation of momentum
Total momentum before is the total momentum after in a collision where there is no external force
electromagnetic waves
are transverse waves that travel with the same speed c in free space
Ohm’s law
current (through a conductor) is directly proportional to potential difference (across the conductor) provided that temperature (of conductor) remains constant
Kirchhoff's first law
The sum of the currents entering a junction always equal the sum of the currents out of the junction
Kirchhoff's second law
The sum of the e.m.f's in a closed circuit equals the sum of the potential differences
β– decay
(electron) antineutrinos are produced
(electric) current
the flow of charged carriers
coulomb
ampere second
quantised
charge exists only in discrete amounts
ohm
volt per ampere
volt
joule per coulomb
ampere ohm
I =nAve
n: number density of free charged carriers (electrons)
A: cross-sectional area
v: drift velocity
e: charge of an electron (1.6 × 1019 C)
Mass
a measure of the amount of matter in a body, & is the property of a body that resists change in motion.
Weight
is the force of gravitational attraction (exerted by the Earth) on a body.
β+ decay
(electron) neutrinos are produced
State the conditions required for the formation of a stationary wave.
(two) waves travelling (at same speed) in opposite directions overlap
waves (of the same type) have same frequency/wavelength
Note 
Flashcard (41)