AP Biology Cellular Respiration and Fermentation Snyder

Cellular Respiration

Process converting glucose to ATP energy.

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate, energy currency of cells.

Glycolysis

Breakdown of glucose into two pyruvate molecules.

Link Reaction

Converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA for Krebs Cycle.

Krebs Cycle

Extracts high-energy electrons from acetyl-CoA.

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Produces ATP using electrons from NADH and FADH2.

Fermentation

ATP production without oxygen, regenerates NAD+.

Cytoplasm

Location of glycolysis and fermentation processes.

Mitochondrial Matrix

Site of Link Reaction and Krebs Cycle.

Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

Location of oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport.

NADH

Electron carrier produced in glycolysis and Krebs Cycle.

FADH2

electron carrier produced in Krebs Cycle (only in krebs)

Pyruvate

3-carbon molecule produced from glucose in glycolysis.

Acetyl-CoA

Key molecule entering the Krebs Cycle from pyruvate.

CO2

Waste product from Link Reaction and Krebs Cycle.

Proton Gradient

Created during electron transport for ATP synthesis.

ATP Synthase

Enzyme using proton gradient to produce ATP.

Lactic Acid

Product of lactic acid fermentation in animals.

Ethanol - anaerobic respiration

Product of alcoholic fermentation in yeast.

Chemiosmosis

Process of ATP production linked to proton movement.