Science Test Mitosis and Meiosis

Test

How many cells are there at the beginning of Meiosis

1 diploid cell

How many cells are there at the beginning of Mitosis

1 diploid cell

In Mitosis in the result are the cells genetically Identical

Yes to the parents cell

In Meiosis in the result are the cells genetically Identical

No there genetically different

How many cells are there in the end result of Mitosis

2 diploid somatic cells

How many cells are there in the end result of Meiosis

4 haploid gametes

What is the function of Mitosis

To repair, replace, and grow.

What is a homologous pair?

A pair of chromosomes, one from each parent, that are similar in shape, size, and genetic content.

What is a haploid cell

A cell that contains half the number of chromosomes of a diploid cell, typically one set of chromosomes.

What is a diploid cell

A cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent, and is typical of somatic cells in sexually reproducing organisms.

When does crossing over occur?

Crossing over occurs during prophase I of meiosis. It involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes.

Doe crossing over happen in Mitosis?

No, crossing over does not occur in mitosis. It is a specific event that occurs only during meiosis, particularly in prophase I.

How many phases are there in Mitosis and what are they?

Mitosis has four main phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. These phases represent the process of cell division where a single cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells.

How many phases are there in Meiosis and what are they?

Meiosis has two main stages, meiosis I and meiosis II, each consisting of four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Meiosis I reduces the chromosome number by half, while meiosis II separates the sister chromatids.

Break down Meiosis one and two

Meiosis I and II are sequences of cell division that result in four genetically diverse daughter cells. Meiosis I involves homologous chromosomes separating, while Meiosis II separates sister chromatids, similar to mitosis.

What is the difference between Mitosis and Meiosis.

Mitosis results in two genetically identical cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse cells with half the chromosome number. Mitosis involves one division, whereas meiosis consists of two rounds of division.

What is a somatic cell

A somatic cell is any cell in the body that is not a reproductive cell (sperm or egg) and contains a full set of chromosomes. These cells make up most of the body's tissues and organs.

What is a gamete

A gamete is a reproductive cell that carries half the genetic information required to form a new organism, specifically sperm in males and eggs in females.

How many chromosomes are there at the end of Mitosis

There are typically 46 chromosomes at the end of mitosis in humans, resulting in two diploid daughter cells, each with the same chromosome number as the original cell.

How many chromosomes are there at the end of Meiosis

There are typically 23 chromosomes at the end of meiosis in humans, resulting in four haploid gametes, each containing half the chromosome number of the original cell.

What happens in the Prophase

stage of mitosis where chromatin condenses into visible chromosomes, the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers begin to form.

What happens in the Metaphase

chromosomes align along the metaphase plate, and spindle fibers attach to their centromeres.

What happens Anaphase

IIn anaphase, the sister chromatids separate from each other and are pulled towards opposite ends of the cell. The protein “glue” that holds the sister chromatids together is broken down, allowing them to separate. Each is now its own chromosome. The chromosomes of each pair are pulled towards opposite ends of the cell.