Biology: Digestion

studied byStudied by 3 people
5.0(1)
Get a hint
Hint

What is physical Digestion

1 / 42

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

43 Terms

1

What is physical Digestion

Physical digestion is the process of chewing food and breaking it up into smaller pieces so that it is easier to process in the body.

New cards
2

What is peristalsis

Wave like muscle contractions to bring the food down through the digestive tract or esophagus.

New cards
3

What is mastication

Mastication is the act of chewing

New cards
4

What are milk teeth

Milk teeth or deciduous teeth are the first set of teeth to erupt. Children tend to have up to 20 teeth.

New cards
5

What are adult teeth

Adult or permanent teeth. By the age of 21 the average adult should have 32 teeth.

New cards
6

What are the 4 types of teeth

Canines, Incisors, Molars and Premolars.

New cards
7

What is chemical Digestion

Chemical Digestion is the process of breaking down complex molecules such as fats, carbohydrates and proteins into simpler substances so that the body can use.

New cards
8

What does chemical Digestion require?

Enzymes

New cards
9

What are enzymes?

Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions. They are proteins that are produced from amino acids.

New cards
10

What are the functions of enzymes in our body?

They help facilitate biochemical reactions in the body without themselves being used up in the process.

New cards
11

What is the role of catalase in the body

Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide in aerobic organisms. Reason being hydrogen peroxide in large quantities so it protects the cells from toxicity.

New cards
12

What does catalase break down?

Catalase catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

<p><span>Catalase catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.</span></p>
New cards
13

What is amylase

Amylase is referred to as the catalyze that speed up the hydrolysis of the breakdown of starches.

New cards
14

What does amylase break down?

Amylase breaks down starches into sugars mostly maltose.

New cards
15

Where is amylase found?

In saliva, pancreatic juices, and germinating juices.

New cards
16

What is Ingestion?

the act of taking food into the mouth.

New cards
17

What is absorption

Absorption is the process of diffusion of soluble food molecules into the bloodstream.

New cards
18

What is assimilation?

Assimilation happens when the food molecules is taken away from the blood stream and used by the cells .

New cards
19

What is egestion

When all the undigested food is removed from the body by deification.

New cards
20

What is the external structure of the teeth?

There is the crown, root and neck.

New cards
21

The internal structure of the tooth ?

The dentin and pulp

New cards
22

What is the alimentary Canal

A long muscular and continuous tube that is responsible for the digestion and absorption of food.

New cards
23

What parts of the body is involved in the Alimentary Canal?

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus, and rectum.

New cards
24

What muscles keeps food in the alimentary canal momentarily?

The sphincter muscles.

<p>The sphincter muscles.</p>
New cards
25

What is used to lubricate the alimentary canal and where is it made?

Mucus is used as a lubricant. Mucus is made in the goblet cells which are located along the alimentary canal.

New cards
26

Where is salivary amylase found and what does it break down?

Salivary amylase is found in the saliva. It breaks down starch into maltose.

New cards
27

What does the stomach do?

The stomach stores food and digest proteins

The muscles contract and relax to churn food. The food will mix with mucus and enzymes to make chyme.

New cards
28

What are the two enzymes found in the stomach

Pepsin and Rennin

New cards
29

What does Pepsin do?

Pepsin is a protease. It begins to break down protein by breaking down proteins into polypeptides.

New cards
30

What does Rennin do?

Rennin clots the milk that young mammals get. Then pepsin breaks down the milk proteins into polypeptides.

New cards
31

What is the first, middle and last part of the small intestine called?

  1. Duodenum

  2. jejunum

  3. Ileum

New cards
32

What happens in the Duodenum?

The duodenum has several enzymes secreted into it that are made from the pancreas.

New cards
33

what are the juices in the Duodenum?

Bile and Pancreatic Juice.

New cards
34

How does Pancreatic juice get into the duodenum?

The pancreatic duct.

New cards
35

What are the enzymes found in Pancreatic juice

Trypsin, Lipase, Pancreatic Amylase

New cards
36

What does the enzyme trypsin break down?

Trypsin is a protease It breaks down proteins into polypeptides

New cards
37

What does the enzyme Lipase break down?

Lipase breaks down emulsified fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

New cards
38

What does pancreatic amylase enzyme break down?

It continues the breakdown of starch into maltose.

New cards
39

What are the two main purposes of the small intestine?

This is where food complete digestion and where it gets absorbed.

New cards
40

What are the enzymes found in the ileum?

The ileum contains: Lipase, Peptidase, Lactase, Maltase, and Sucrase.

New cards
41

What do the enzymes found in the ileum break down?

Lipase- Breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol. Peptidase- breaks down polypeptides into amino acids. Maltase- Breaks down maltose into glucose Sucrase- Breaks down sucrose- glucose and fructose. Lactase- Breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose.

New cards
42

What are the villi?

Villi are small projection in the small intestines used for absorbing nutrients.

New cards
43

Where are the villi found?

In the ileum in the small intestine.

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 13 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 30 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 52 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 16 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 101 people
... ago
5.0(4)
note Note
studied byStudied by 416 people
... ago
5.0(3)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (68)
studied byStudied by 8 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (20)
studied byStudied by 103 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (118)
studied byStudied by 48 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (33)
studied byStudied by 27 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (81)
studied byStudied by 56 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (36)
studied byStudied by 6 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (106)
studied byStudied by 15 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (23)
studied byStudied by 9 people
... ago
5.0(1)
robot